166 



INJURIOUS IKSECTS 



cases it has been known to attack Pears as well as 

 Apples. 



Eemedies. — It is not probable that much can be done 

 with jarring down this insect, as advised for the Plum 

 Curculio, as it is not like that easily alarmed. So far 

 as known, it can only be attacked while within the fruit. 

 Shaking or jarring the tree may be useful in bringing 

 down the infested apples, which should be at once fed to 

 swine, or otherwise destroyed. 



THE CANKER-WORM. 



{Anisopte^-yx vernata, Peck.) 



The greatest injury done by Canker-worms is to Apple- 

 trees, but it also attacks other fruit trees, and often 

 injures shade trees, especially the 

 Elm, which in some localities it 

 completely defoliates. The male 

 moth (fig. 107) has an expanse 

 of wings of about an inch and a 

 quarter; the wings are very thin 

 Fig. 107.— MALE CANKER- aud sllky, the fore-wings ash- 

 ^""^""'^naut, ^^^^^^f'y' colored, with a small but distinct 

 whitish spot on the front edge, 

 near the tip ; the hind wings are pale ash-colored. 

 The female (fig. 108) is entirely wingless and of 

 a general ash-gray color. Being without wings, she 

 can only reach the branches of the tree to deposit her 

 eggs, by crawling up the trunk, which she does very early 

 in the spring; in mild weather even in February. The 

 eggs are deposited in clusters of one hundred or more on 

 the bark of the branches and twigs, and may often be 

 found on the inside of the loose scales of the bark. "When 

 the leaves first begin to make their appearance, these eggs 

 hatch into tiny Span-worms, scarcely visible to the 

 naked eye, but they grow rapidly, and in three or four 



