38 



THE WHITE PINE 



Average diameter inside the bark. 



Note was made of the health of the tree, the 

 character of the crown, the relative size of 

 the tree in comparison with the trees abont 

 it, the character of forest in which it stood, 

 and the soil and situation. 



In order to obtain the total age of a tree, the 

 number of years required by the young tree to 

 grow to the height of the stump must be added 

 to the number of rings counted on the latter. 

 To this end, a large number of young seedlings 

 were cut and measui'ed in each locality, and the 

 number of years was ascertained which the 

 young tree required to grow one, two, or thi^ee 

 feet, or whatever the height of the stumps in 

 question may have been. 



In calculating the volume of the tree, the 

 branches are neglected, and only the stem is 

 taken into account. Each section is treated as 

 a frustum of a paraboloid and cubed by the 

 formula 



where V is the volume, M and m the areas of 

 the cu'cles at the ends of the sections, and h the 

 leugth of the section. 



The top section, the volume of which is al- 



