108 



THE OLIVE 



pruned away should be burned at once. Another way is to spray 

 the tree, of course before it is in blossom, either with a solution of 

 whale oil soap, and lye, or still better, use high fire test kerosene, 

 mixed with ten times its volume of water.* 



COCCUS OLEAE. 



(See Plate XII.) 



The characteristics of this insect are the following : 



The egg is orange color, oblong-ovoid in shape (Fig 4). Larva, 

 (Fig. 5, 6,) which hatches in fifteen days from deposit of egg, is 

 very agile in movement, body a depressed ovoicl-oblongf composed 

 of eleven rings; one, cephalic, three thoracic which are the largest, 

 and seven abdominal short ones. The antennas silky and nine 

 jointed, (Fig. 12), the first of which is short and thick, the second 

 very small and the third is the largest of all. After the last ab- 

 dominal ring there is a wedge shaped appendage and from the j)os- 

 terior angles of this ring start two bristles as long as the abdomen. 



The tarsi which forms almost a continuation of the tibia have two 

 joints, the last of which has two small claws and two filaments, end- 

 ing in buttons. The outlines of the body are fringed with short 

 hair, general color pale yellow, the eyes brown. 



When the first shedding takes place the chrysalis becomes fixed 

 and adherent. The body gradually extends iself and the caudal fil- 

 aments drop away. The figure and transformation varying accord- 

 ing to the sex. The male chrysalis after the first moulting has the 

 form of an ellipse, with a ridge running lengthwise the' centre of the 

 back, w r ith two other ridges crossing it at right angles. This length- 

 wise ridge is cut off square near the head and from it spring two 

 other smaller ridges which terminate in eyes. The rings of the body 

 are indistinct, the margins are spread out like a plate, they are 

 rounded at the bottom and lightly fastened together. The antennas 



*Kerosene is given the preference as a wash for olive trees, but care should be taken that the quality is 

 first-class. It should be carefully experimented with before being used, in order to see if it will hold the 

 water in solution, for if it does not, it may result in killing the trees. See Mr. Ellwood Cooper's relation of 

 his experience, before the Fruit Growers' Convention, held in Santa Barbara, April 12, 18S8.. 



