ELM. 



the top, although the top was healthy, but conti- 

 nued throwing out numerous annual shoots, five or 

 six feet long, from the bulb and side of stem, which 

 disposition we did not succeed in correcting by prun- 

 ing. This did not seem to arise from grafting, as 

 some of the shoots broke out higher up than the graft 

 must have been, and there was no difference between 

 the lower and upper shoots. 



U, montana, when come to some size, on the 

 primary branches being lopped off, like the oak, of- 

 ten throws out a brush of twigs from the stem, and 

 these twigs impeding the transit of the sap, the brush 

 increases, and the stem thickens considerably, in con- 

 sequence of a warty-like deposit of wood forming at 

 the root of the tmgs. This excrescence, when of 

 size, after being carefully seasoned in some cool moist 

 place, such as the north re-entering angle of a build- 

 ing, exposed to the dripping from the roof, forms a 

 richer veneer for csbinet-work than any other tim- 

 ber. This disposition to form brush and excrescence 

 might be given by art to almost any kind of tree, 

 excepting the coniferse and beech, and might be 

 made a source of considerable profit. This could 

 easily be effected by slitting, pricking, and bruising 

 the bark at certain periods of the season. A very 

 beautiful waved timber might also be formed by 



