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NOTICES OF AUTHORS. 



eastern coast, evidently worn into the rock by the 

 action of the sea at the height where the waves have 

 broken. These caves have nearly one level, corres- 

 ponding in height mth that of the carses. There 

 are also many places where the coast has been shorn 

 away by the action of the waves, and ashelf of rocks 

 left extending out some hundred paces. This abra^ 

 sion, which takes place nearly at, or a little above, low 

 water-mark, is effected by innumerable hard pebbles 

 (the most indurated parts of the rocks which give 

 way being converted into battering material for fur- 

 ther reduction), being upborne and dashed against 

 the rock by the continuous heaving and lashing of 

 the waves. Wherever any breach commences from 

 the feebler opposition of any softer part, the action 

 of the waves and battering train proceeds with in- 

 creased impetus and concentration, especially if the 

 breach be wedge-shaped narrovdng inward, thence 

 caves of considerable extent are hallowed out. The 

 rocks thus abraded and undermined, tumble down 

 and are ground into sand, which is swept by the 

 tides and motion of the waters into the depths of 

 the ocean, or borne along to the upper end of the 

 bays, or to some part of the coast where more slug- 

 gish lateral tides, and particular motion of the waves 

 leave it and throw it ashore to be blown up into 



