April, '15] 



SAFRO; NICOTINE SULPHATE-BORDEAUX 



203 



-and Nicotine Sulphate were apparently as effective as if they had been 

 used separately.^ 



H. A. Gossard, Ohio Experiment Station, states that the combina- 

 tion has been used on grape foliage with no bad results by cooperators 

 of the Station. 



H. S. Price, Horticulturist, Virginia Experiment Station, states that 

 as a result of experiments in Virginia they believe that the combination 

 may be used without danger of burning foHage and without lessening 

 the insecticidal value of the tobacco extract.^ 



Similar tests and results were obtained by T. J. Headlee, New Jersey 

 Experiment Station.^ 



H. F. Wilson, Oregon Experiment Station, conducted a number of 

 experiments with the combination and found that the insecticidal 

 value of the Nicotine Sulphate did not seem to be at all impaired. No 

 injury was caused by the application.^ 



Miscellaneous Remarks. — It should be noted in our experiments 

 that we used commercial Nicotine Sulphate. Free nicotine will combine 

 with free copper sulphate, precipitating the copper. We have not in- 

 vestigated the result of adding free nicotine to Bordeaux and are not in 

 position to make any statements concerning the safety of such a 

 combination. 



It has been stated by Professor Gray and others that the possibility 

 existed that certain nicotine preparations containing much extractive 

 matter would tend to dissolve the copper of the Bordeaux mixture. 

 We have not investigated this matter and have no data bearing upon 

 this phase of the problem. 



At this point we would state that the terms 'Hobacco extract" and 

 ^'nicotine solutions" are not synonymous. The term ''tobacco ex- 

 tract "is understood by the trade to mean an aqueousextract of tobacco 

 which therefore necessarily contains the water soluble ingredients of 

 tobacco. ''Nicotine solutions" are understood by the trade to mean 

 more or less highly concentrated solutions obtained by processes other 

 than aqueous extraction. 



Conclusion. — These results and records indicate that Nicotine 

 Sulphate may safely be added to and applied with Bordeaux in all 

 cases where Bordeaux alone may be safely used. 



President H. T. Fernald: The next paper on the program is 

 by P. J. Parrott and W. J. Schoene. 



^ In correspondence. 



