402 



JOURNAL OF ECONO^IIC ENTOMOLOGY 



[Vol. 8 



tube is for use with the ordinaiy three-bushel sack. Almost any con- 

 venient receptacle may be used that will hold a quart or more -of car- 

 bon disulphide and from which it may be readily poured into the metal 

 cup. A one-gallon kerosene can is a convenient thing for this work but 

 a different arrangement is shown in the illustration. 



The method of procedure is as follows: Drive the perforated rod 

 into the sack of seed to the proper place, close the cut-off on the cup 

 side of the Y and pour in the proper charge of liquid. Then open the 

 cut-off and permit the liquid to run down into the pipe, closing the 

 cut-off immediately thereafter and opening that on the air side of the 

 Y. Two or three strokes from the air pump will be sufficient to force 

 the liquid and gas into the seed and the perforated tube is then with- 

 drawn. Care should be taken to have the cut-off closed on the liquid 

 side of the Y to prevent the air pressure forcing the liquid back into 

 the face of the operator. 



The treated sacks are closely stacked, preferably in a small room 

 which is sufficiently tight so that the entire room may be given a 

 regular treatment with disulphide as a final precaution. The seed is 

 left stored in this room until shipped. This method of treatment has 

 given entirely satisfactory results and is economical, both in the cost of 

 apparatus and in the amount of liquid required. The method of 

 treatment can, of course, be readily adapted to many other subjects 

 beside sacked cotton seed. In treatment of cotton seed, our practice 

 is to use one ounce of carbon disulphide per three-bushel sack of seed. 



NOTES ON AN APPARENT RELATION BETWEEN APHIDS AND 

 FIRE BLIGHT (BACILLUS AMYLOVORUS) 



By J. H. Merrill, Assistant Entomologist, Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station 



Observations on this subject have been carried on since the spring 

 of 1913 in Doniphan County by the Department of Entomology of 

 the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. During the spring of 

 1913 the aphids were noticed to be unusually abundant in nearly every 

 orchard, especially on the Jonathan trees. They were found on the 

 buds which had begun to swell but were not completely opened. 

 Some of the fruit-growers, realizing that nothing but harm could 

 result where so many sucking insects were present, sprayed with a 

 contact insecticide to control them. Very few aphids were found in 

 the orchards which had received a thorough dormant spraying with 

 lime-sulphur. 



Fire blight appeared later in the season in all of the orchards where 



