August, '15] 



GARMAX: 



TWO INTRODUCED WORMS 



403 



the aphids were not brought under control. The infestation of aphids 

 was heavier on Jonathans than on any other variety, and the blight 

 infection was correspondingly heav}' on the same trees. During the 

 season of 1914 there was but a slight infestation of aphids and very 

 little blight made its appearance. However, the infestation of aphids 

 in the spring of 1915 was as severe as that in the spring of 1913. Profit- 

 ing by their experience in 1913 the growers who controlled the aphids 

 then sprayed their trees with Black Leaf 40 upon the first appearance 

 of these insects. Others also joined them in using this spray. Al- 

 though the fire blight was exceptionally abundant in 1915, only those 

 orchards suffered in which the plant lice were not controlled. Obser- 

 vations were carried on in both Wathena and Troy and the results 

 were the same in both places. Orchards in which the crops were a 

 total loss in 1913 from fire bhght injury were sprayed in 1915 wdth 

 a contact insecticide and today show but very little blight, while the 

 orchards which were not similarly treated look as though they had 

 been sw^ept by a fire. In one orchard part of a block of Jonathans 

 was sprayed with Black Leaf 40 and the remainder left untreated. 

 The latter portion is now badly infected hy fire blight while the sprayed 

 portion is practically free. 



Doniphan Countv , which is primarily a fruit-growing district, has 

 offered excellent opportunities for carrying on these observations. 

 The Jonathan trees have always shown more aphids and later more 

 blight than the other varieties, yet when these same trees have been 

 treated with a contact insecticide the aphids were controlled and 

 they showed but little blight injury. 



It is not the intention to claim here that the aphids are the only dis- 

 tributers of fire bhght but rather to give the facts resulting from 

 experiments carried on to control these insects. These facts seem to 

 show that there is a direct relation between the severity of the infes- 

 tation of aphids and the blight infection. Work along these lines is 

 now being continued. 



TWO INTRODUCED WORMS OF ECONOMIC INTEREST 



By H. Gakman, Head of Division of Entomology and Botany, 

 Kentucky Experiment Station 



Helminthology is so closely related with entomology and w^orms so 

 frequently arouse the interest of the economic entomologist when 

 found doing mischief where insect injury was suspected, that it may 

 not be out of place to call attention to a couple of interesting species, 

 one a flat worm, the other a round wwm, which appear to have been 

 somewhat recently introduced into this country. 



