xii 



LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS. 



riG. PAGE 



196. Pendulous training of wall 



Pear tree 392 



197. Grafting of fruit buds and 



shoots 393 



198. Grafting of fruit buds and 



shoots 393 



199. Grafting of fruit buds and 



shoots 393 



200. Grafting of fruit buds and 



shoots 393 



201. Grafting of fruit buds and 



shoots 393 



202. Proper mode of cutting shoot 394 



203. Shoot cut too long . . .394 



204. Shoot cut too low . . . . 394 



205. Pear shoot properly pinched 394 



206. Pear shoot pinched too short 394 



207. Result of over-pinching . . 394 



208. Another result of over- 



pinching 394 



209. Pinching of the bourgeon 



anticipe 394 



210. Stipulary buds forced to 



start 394 



211. Branch of Fig tree . . .396 



212. Fig tree growing on level 



ground 397 



213. Section showing Fig tree 



growing on level ground . 398 



214. Mode of burying Fig trees 



cultivated on level ground 399 



215. Fig tree planted on sloping 



ground 400 



216. Section showing Fig tree 



planted on inclined ground 401 



217. Fig tree planted on sloping 



ground, buried for the 

 winter months .... 401 



218. Stem of Fig the sixth year 



after planting .... 402 



219. Fig branch with young fruit 402 



220. Branch of Fig tree alter the 



gatliering of the crop . . 403 



221. Branch of Fig tree after the 



gatliering of the crop . . 404 



222. Thomery mode of fixing 



bottles for preserving 

 Grapes through winter . 407 



223. Ferrieres mode of fixing 



bottles for preserving 

 Grapes through winter . 407 



224. Portion of upright used in 



Grape-room at Ferriferes . 407 



225. Interior of Grape-room . . 409 



226. WallofChasselasat Thomery 413 



227. Pose-Charmeiix's system of 



vertical training. . . . 414 



228. Vines trained vertically with 



alternated spurs . . . .414 



FIG. PAGE 



229. Low double Espalier . . . 415 



230. Sections of top of wall at 



Thomery 415 



231. Sulphur distributor em- 



ployed at Thomery . . .416 



232. Pruning to obtain the two 



arms of the Cordon . . .416 



233. Low Espalier of Vines 



trained vertically . . . 417 



234. Layer of Vine raised and 



planted in basket . . .417 



235. Moveable scaffold used for 



thinning the Grapes . .418 



236. Shade to protect Grape- 



thinners from strong sun . 419 



237. Frame for carrying baskets 



of Grapes to store-rooms . 419 



238. Mode of Grafting the Vine 



at Thomery 420 



239. Mode of Grafting the Vine 



by approach at Thomery . 420 



240. Gouge used in grafting the 



Vine 420 



241. Small pit used for forcing 



the Vine 421 



242. Small span-roofed house for 



forcing the Vine . . . 422 



243. Trellis for Pear trees . . 427 



244. Double trellis for Pear 



trees 429 



245. Section of pi'otection used 



for Espalier trees at Ver- 

 sailles 431 



246. Side view of protection to 



double line of Espaliers . 431 



247. Border of superimposed 



Cordons at Versailles . . 432 



248. Section of preceding . . . 438 



249. Plan of fruit garden . . . 434 



250. Galvanized iron bracket 



for supporting temporary 

 coping 436 



251. Fruit tree in the vase 



form 437 



252. Pear trained in vase form . 43S 



253. Early spring aspect of Peach 



wail in the garden of M. 

 Chevallier 441 



254. Leaf of Peach tree attacked 



by the Cloque .... 442 



255. Peach shoot attacked by 



the Cloque 442 



256. Small wooden coping to pro- 



tect young Peach trees in 

 spring . . . . . .443 



257. Second pruning of fruiting 



Peach branch . . . .444 



258. Mode of shading the stems 



of fruit trees 445 



