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CHAPTER XXVI. 



HORTICULTURAL MACHINES^ IMPLEMENTS^ APPLIANCES^ ETC. 



Transplanting Large Trees. — Not the least remarkable 

 feature of tlie public gardening of Paris is the excellent 

 system of removing trees there practised. Por the following 

 article on this subject I am indebted to my friend M. 

 Edouard Andre, the talented designer of Sefton Park at 

 Liverpool : — 



" The city of Paris, prior to having formed the large 

 parks and public gardens which she now possesses, had no 

 regular system of transplanting large trees, with the excep- 

 tion of the old-fashioned carts which had been used at Ver- 

 sailles and the other royal parks, and at M. de Rothschild's 

 chateaux at Boulogne and Ferrieres, principally for the pur- 

 pose of removing large Orange trees in tubs, and occasionally 

 for transplanting old and valuable trees. 



" These carts were designed and constructed in the time of 

 Louis XIV., and it may be well imagined that they were 

 extremely cumbersome and inconvenient. In recent days, 

 however, when the chief gardeners and the city architects 

 were often called upon to extemporize shady avenues in a few 

 days, it became absolutely necessary for them to put their 

 heads together to invent some new machine which would 

 work more easily and with less damage to the lives of the 

 trees. The first apparatus built consisted of a frame bearing 

 two moveable wooden rollers, one on the fore-carriage and 

 the other at the back, each provided with holes in which to 

 place the ends of the levers when hoisting up the tree. A 

 round case made of sheet iron was hung in the centre sus- 

 pended from the rollers by chains, which, when the tree was 

 raised up by the levers, held the earth-ball and roots. 



" We do not intend reviewing all the improved means 



