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be very hot in the morning before giving air ; and 

 then give it by degrees, till the roof is completely 

 thrown open ; and again, unless rain falls, do not shut 

 up till late in the day, and then in sufficient time to 

 allow of having a high temperature, either with fire 

 or sun, so as to accelerate the forcing, till you com- 

 mence gathering, at which period, if you have enough 

 for the demand, keep all as open and exposed as pos- 

 sible, only sheltering from rain to the last, when you 

 remove the lights, wash the trees several times power- 

 fully, and give a good soaking to the roots, with soft, 

 rain, river, or pond w^ater. Renovate the roots every 

 three or four years, by taking off six or eight inches 

 from the top of the border, not even sparing the sm.all 

 roots ; and also a foot or eighteen inches from the 

 extremity of the border, so as to clear away all the 

 roots matted against the wall, and fill up the trench 

 as at first with fresh turfy soil, and forking a portion 

 in amongst the roots over all the border, so as to raise 

 it a little above its former height ; by this practice the 

 trees are sufficiently renovated for three or four years 

 more, and do not receive such a check as by the 

 Dutch practice. No tree will thrive, whatever the 

 soil may be, if insects and moss are suffered to har- 

 bour upon them, and the best time to remove them is 

 just when the winter pruning is over ; then go over 

 every tree about the houses and walls, in the most 

 careful manner ; first scraping off all possible extrane- 

 L 2 



