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its dwarf varieties never reach the stature of a man. Of the numerous 

 qiiasi-species and varieties I here give a place to the following : — 

 Argentea, (the very silvery-leaved,) Aurea, (the yellowish-green- leaved,) 

 Brevifolia, (the short-leaved,) Carmanica, (the Asiatic form,) Cornea, 

 (horn-coned,) Elegans, (slender-branched,) Electa, (compact-branched,) 

 Excelsa, (the tall Indian form,) Giyantea, (the large or giant form,) 

 Longicarjja, (long-coned,) Longifolla, (long-leaved,) Mici^ocarpa, (small- 

 coned,) Montana, (mountain form,) Nana, (the very dwarf,) Nivea, (the 

 snowy-white,) Pendula, (the drooping-branched,) Rohusta, (the strong- 

 branched,) Tortuosa, (the twisted-branched,) and Variegata, (the 

 variegated-leaved variety. ) 



PiNUS SylvESTRIS : The Wood or Scotch Pine. 



This is the only Pine indigenous to Britain, and being found origin- 

 ally in the highlands of old Caledonia, in natural woods and forests, 

 it is popularly known in this country as the " Scotch Pir." But it is 

 now found either in a wild or cultivated state in most European coun- 

 tries, in a great variety of soils, altitudes, and climates : and in many 

 forms or varieties in the shape, size, and colour of its cones and foliage ; 

 but in the quality of their timber there are two specific and distinct 

 kinds, each of w^hich requires its own particular characteristic description. 



Sylvestris Alha : The White Scotch Pine. 



Leaves, generally two in a sheath, from one to three inches long, 

 waved or curved, more or less concave above, and convex below j 

 finely serrated on the edges, and bluish or greyish-green in colour. 



Cones, from two to four inches long, and from one to three broad 

 at base, some egg-shaped, some roundish, some conical, and some 

 globular, but all more or less tapering to the point; some straight, 

 some curved, particularly near the apex, some rough surfaced, others 

 comparatively smooth surfaced : the scales are from half-an-inch to one- 

 and-a-half inches long, having a somewhat angular or four-sided apex, 

 they are sometimes straight and sometimes recurved ; the seeds are 

 small, with their wing appendage large. 



Branches, irregularly disposed, more or less spreading and aspiring, 

 with numerous branchlets, some ascending, some drooping j and the 

 bark comparatively rough and furrowed. 



Wood, creamy-white in colour. 



SyJvestris Ruora : The Eed Scotch Pine. 



Leaves, generally two in a sheath, from one to two inches long, 

 leathery, rigid, more or less flat or two-sided, comparatively broad, and 

 dark green in colour though somewhat glaucous. 



