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equal to that of the cedar:" again, lib. xxiv, c. 11, — "The herb 

 Sahina, called by the Greeks hratliy^ is of two kinds : the one in its 

 leaf like to the tamarisk, the other to the cypress ; wherefore some have 

 called it the Cretan cypress. Tt is used by many for frankincense." 

 Apuleius in Libr. de IsTomia et Virtut. Herb, and Dioscorides in lib. i, 

 c. 105, also make mention of it. 



In this Sahinoides^ or Sayin-like section, of the Junipers, are 

 included all those kinds which are closely related in the quality of their 

 resinous juices, strong and piquant flavour ; being, as it were, in 

 an incompletely oxygenised state, — it is very fragrant and stimulant ; 

 all the component parts of the plants — foliage, spray, branches, or berries, 

 when submitted to heat or pressure emit a peculiarly pungent odour. 



Leaves, mostly awl- shaped, some are ovate, others lanceolate, some 

 needle-shaped, others scale-like ; some blunt, some acute, in opposite pairs, 

 or in whorls of threes or more, some imbricated, some four-rowed ; 

 generally they are more or less rigid, ribbed, and keeled ; and of 

 various shades of blue, grey, light or dark green colour : some glaucous, 

 some shining, and some powdery. 



Berries, generally small and numerous, round, globular, or egg- 

 shaped ; of various colours : black, brown, red, purple, or violet ; some 

 with a glaucous bloom, smooth and shining, others powdery ; having 

 their surfaces more or less scaly, humpy, furrowed, or tuberculated ; seeds 

 one, two, three, or more in a fruit. 



JUNIPERUS DeNSA: The B ashy Juniper. 



This kind, though somewhat like its congeners Recurva and 

 Squamata is distinct. Its leaves are generally in whorls of threes, 

 somewhat spreading, linear, lanceolate, acute, pungent, and dusty or 

 yellowish-green in colour : the berries are small, dark blue and glaucous, 

 resinous and aromatic ; and generally containing three seeds in each 

 fruit. It forms a dense dwarf bush from one to two yards high ; and 

 has been found in many localities in India, generally at elevations 

 ranging from 9,000 to 15,000 feet. It is much used by the Hindoos in 

 their temples as incense ; also for making yeast, or for the fermentation 

 of their stimulating and intoxicating drinks. Moist rather than dry 

 soils, and shady situations are necessary for its growth in this country, 

 as in dry soils, and exposed situations, it gets sickly and soon infested 

 by spiders of a red colour, and rust of a deadly shade : it is hardy 

 enough to stand our winters. And though sometimes supplied to us 

 as Recurva Densa, it is nevertheless distinct from the male or mas. form 

 of the Weeping Indian Juniper. 



