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PINACE^. 



From the United States of America and like most of tlie Junipers 

 thorouglily hardy ; but at best only a quasi-species of SaMna. 



JUNIPERUS ReCURVA: The Weeping Indian Juniper. 



This is the ^'Aroo/' or rock-inhabiting Juniper of Bhootan and 

 IsTepalj attaining heights of from five to ten feet, forming a very 

 distinct and elegant little tree, or large bush j with recurved and 

 pendular branches, rough, curling, scaling, dark brown bark ; and 

 its young leaves being greenish-grey, while the old ones are rusty-brown, 

 decayed, chafiy, or withered-like; which gives the plant a very peculiar and 

 drooping sickly-like appearance. Its berries are oval, very dark purple, or 

 blackish-violet in colour ; smooth and shining when ripe. The plant 

 is perfectly hardy in this country, but unless in cool, moist soils, and 

 shady situations, or where a humid atmosphere prevails, it should not 

 be planted ; for in warm dry soils, and much exposed, or sunny 

 situations it gets awfully rusty, unhealthy, and inelegant ; useless for 

 any purpose, unless, indeed, for supplying food for parasitical insects or 

 rusty fungoids. This juniper, like many of its congeners, is found in 

 a mas. (male form,) and fcem, (female form,) the former the more dense- 

 branched and dwarfer variety ; and the latter the most common, taller, 

 loose, and open-branched ; more drooping and graceful in its habit of 

 growth. The male form is frequently confounded with Densa, the 

 Bushy Indian Juniper ; but this is a very different and distinct plant. 



JUNIPERUS ReligiOSA : The Sacred or Incense Juniper. 



This is the Dhoop Xewr," or Incense Juniper, of India, much 

 esteemed for its first-class timber, and highly venerated, and much 

 used by the Hindoos in their religious ceremonies, and burnt as 

 incense in the temples on festive occasions. It is found more oi less 

 plentiful, in many parts of India, generally on the highest altitudes 

 ranging from 10,000 to 16,000 feet, never found below 9,000 feet in a 

 natural habitat. In general appearance it much resembles the Bhootan 

 Cypress, Torulosa ; and is frequently confounded with it ; but it must 

 be remembered that the one produces cones, the other berries, it also 

 somewhat resembles the Chinese Juniper, Chinensis, but from this also it 

 is quite distinct. Its timber is close-grained, compact, resinous, durable, 

 aromatic, free from the ravages of wood-vermin, capable of a good 

 polish, and rich ruby- red in colour ; its wood is also vended and known 

 in the timber trade as pencil-wood, or Kooloo-wood. In its stature or 

 dimensions it varies much. On high altitudes it is dwarfed to a 

 sprawling bush, while, on the mountains' slopes, or in valleys where 

 the soil is chiefly composed of rock-debris, and rich in humis or alluvial 



