ii 



CONTENTS. 



tivated in England. Evelyn — Wise. Important improvement 

 by Lord Fitzharding. Idea of the practice of that period. — 

 Brown invents the transplanting machine. Cursory account of 

 his method. Landscape gardening first introduced into Scotland. 

 Its progress in that country, and in Ireland. White, Robertson, 

 Hayes. — Ingenious system of Boutcher of Edinburgh. — 

 Marshall the best English planter of that day. His superior 

 method of removing trees. — Strictures of Miller, on the lightening 

 and lopping practice. — Low state of the art of removing trees in 

 England. Mason, Pontey, Forsyth. No improvement down to 

 the present period. — Splendid horiticultural achievement of Dr 

 Graham of Edinburgh. — Progress of landscape gardening on the 

 Continent of Europe, in France, Germany, Poland, Russia. 

 Striking contrast between French and English tastes. — Superior 

 intelligence of the Polish nobility. Frederick II., Stanislaus, 

 Czar Peter. — The art in all countries vague and uncertain, and 

 without a foundation in fixed principles. - - - 15-55 



SECTION IIL 



ATTEMPT TO SUGGEST A NEW THEORY, OR PRINCIPLE OF THE ART. 



Superior merit of Miller as a phytologist. His disapprobation of 

 the practice of transplanting trees, young or old. — Objections to 

 the.removal of large trees stated and answered. — Attempt to dis- 

 cover a new theory of the art. Deduced from the laws that re- 

 gulate organic creation. — Striking analogy between the animal 

 and vegetable kingdoms. — Enunciation of the proposition. — 

 Characteristic distinctions between sheltered and exposed trees. 

 Young trees and old impossible to be removed on similar princi- 

 ples. — Surprising effects of shelter and exposure. The law of 

 nature on this subject. The protecting and non-protecting pro- 

 perties. — General conclusions respecting the new theory. — 111 

 success of general planting, owing to a want of the knowledge of 

 scientific principles. _ - - - 56-76 



SECTION IV. 



DEVELOPMENT AND ILLUSTRATION OF THE NEW THEORY OR PRINCIPLE. 



Universal influence of exposure and shelter. History and progress 

 of experiments to demonstrate this. — Importance of the study 



