80 



DESCRIPTION. 



Larva. — Larvae of this description may be known from any 

 others occurring in fall or spring in similar situations by the fol- 

 lowing obvious characters: The body (one and one tenth inches 

 long when full grown ) is nearly cylindrical, dirty white or gray, 

 without color-markings of any kind, much wrinkled transversely, 

 about one fifth as broad as long, rather blunt behind and some- 

 what narrowed forwards to the head. The latter is very small, 

 but distinct and hard, yellowish or brown in color, and commonly 

 much withdrawn within the following segment. There are no feet 

 or legs, nor any trace of them, the larva being a true maggot, 

 but at the bluntish hinder end are a few fleshy or finger-shape(l 

 processes, and in full grown specimens a pair of small horny 

 hooks. The general surface is without warts or other processes, 

 but has several very sparse longitudinal rows of short stout black 

 hairs which help in subterranean locomotion. The larva moves 

 with considerable activity, stretching out the body and hooking 

 itself forward by the head. 



Pupa. — When it has finished its course of growth and development 

 it transforms into a long, rough, spiny, clirty brown pupa about 

 three fourths of an inch long, the abdomen some three fifths the 

 entire length, and the thorax with clearly visible wing-pads, 

 developing legs, etc. From the back, just behind the head, spring 

 two divergent horn-like structures (breathing tubes), whose length 

 is about equal to the width of the segment from which they arise. 

 Sides of the abdominal segments with sharp keel, which is set 

 with a row of short recurved spines. Another close-set transverse 

 row of conical spines near the posterior edge of each segment of 

 the back, and similar rows of larger spines beneath. On the last 

 segment these rows unite behind the carina to form an unbroken 

 circle of spines, — two or three dorsal members of the row more 

 minute. Behind these, a pair of still stouter spines and a cluster 

 of four blunt anal tubercles. Each abdominal segment with a 

 transverse groove above and below, not reaching the lateral carina. 

 Thorax behind the breathing tubes transversely rugulose; between 

 them a longitudinal carina. 



Imago. — The imago is a yellowish brown insect of medium size; 

 the abdomen dusky-shaded, the wings yellowish at base and on costa, 

 fuliginous at tip, with a smoky stigma and a single imperfect 

 white bar immediately preceding it. No other white blotches. 

 The eyes are green; the tliorax indistinctly striped dusky and yel- 

 lowish brown. The following detailed description will serve to 

 distinguish it as a species.* 



Length 12 to 13 mm. Male dilute ochreous. Head concolorous,. 

 usually a little yellowish behind; rostrum slightly darker; palpi 

 yellowish, darkened towards tip; two basal joints of the antennae 

 yellowish, the first about as long as the two following, the second 



* Kuiliiit,' to idontlfv tills b|K'cI<'h, I referred It to Drs. Wiilleton and Hayen, tlio former of whom 

 did not recof^ni/.c It, wfiile tlie latter iiiforined ine that it was in Ihi' Lo- w .-nl l.>. t ion under ;lu 

 nan.<.' of Ttpula birot fiis, but liad never been dencribcd. 



