THE CULINARY GARDEf^. 



47 



the same, and, by long boiling m water, are found to afford 

 soluble matters, which equal from two to three per cent, of 

 their weight. These soluble substances, which are produced 

 by solution and evaporation, contain, when examined, a small 

 quantity of matter analogous to animal mucus, and are princi- 

 pally composed of bitter extract, soluble both in water and 

 alcohol. They give ammoniacal fumes by distillation, and 

 differ very little in composition. 



Soot is a very powerful manure, and ought to be used in a 

 dry state, and thrown on the surface of the ground. It is sup- 

 posed to be a preventive, to a certain extent, to wire-worms and 

 maggots. This is, probably, owing to its bitter extract, which 

 it gives out to hot water. It likewise contains an empyreumatic 

 oil. It has been used on crops of onions ; it is sown at all 

 times with good effect, and where it has been sown, no maggot 

 has appeared. It also has been used for a like purpose on 

 garden and pasture-land, most probably for the extinction of 

 the wire-worm, but a solution of it in water would perhaps be 

 preferable. 



Bones have of late years been much used for a manure. 

 After they have been boiled for the grease which they contain, 

 they are then sold for manure, and have been strongly recom- 

 mended for vine borders. The expense of collecting and 

 grinding them is too great to allow of their general adoption. 



Horn is a similar manure to bone, only much more power- 

 ful, as it contains a larger quantity of decomposable animal 

 matter. The shavings or dust of horn, form an excellent 

 manure, but, like the dust of bones, are not to be obtained in 

 sufficient quantities to be of general use. 



Blood contains a certain quantity of all the principles found in 

 other animal substances, and is, consequently, a good manure. 

 It may be collected in some quantities at the slaughter-houses 

 of butchers in large towns, and where sugar manufactories are 

 carried on, bullocks' blood being used there in the process of 

 separating by the heat of the boiler, the impurities of brown 

 sugar, by the coagulation of its albuminous matter. 



Much has been said of late years for and against the use of 

 salt as a manure. Mr. Joseph Hayward, the ingenious author 

 eif the Science of Horticulture, &c., observes, after making 



