THE FRUIT GARDEN. 



319 



there is not sufficient scope, perhaps the latter way may be the 

 most advisable. Where there is plenty of room, a separate 

 fruit-garden may be made on any side of the garden that may 

 be considered most eligible, in which not only the larger sorts 

 of fruits, such as apples and pears, are to be grown ; but all 

 others, such as cherries, plums, gooseberries, currants, rasp- 

 berries, strawberries, &c., so as to obviate the necessity of 

 crowding the kitchen-garden with them ; indeed, such is our 

 view of the case, that we should wish to see no fruits culti- 

 vated in the kitchen-garden, excepting on the walls, and pro- 

 bably strawberries in the quarters, as a resting crop for the 

 soil. This sort of orchard should be so arranged as to pro- 

 duce a good effect when the whole are grown up. The larger 

 trees should be arranged, as hinted at in the planting of public 

 orchards ; the ground may be here cultivated with culinary 

 crops, which will increase the surface for that purpose, and give 

 ample opportunity for resting the soil by having a certain pro- 

 portion either under grass or summer fallow, as advised in the 

 article on the rotation of crops. Under the trees, in hot sultry 

 weather, many vegetables will prosper, which would not thrive 

 so well if fully exposed to the full sun. Strawberries gene- 

 rally thrive in moderately shaded situations, as well as almost 

 all other of the small fruits, shaded groves being their natural 

 place of growth. The distance that the trees should be planted 

 from each other must depend on the size of the ground, the 

 sorts of trees planted, whether standard, dwarfs, or espaliers, 

 the latter of which, though not commonly planted in orchards, 

 deserves to be more particularly encouraged. Maiden plants, 

 or such as are from two to three years from the bud or graft, 

 should be preferred to older trees. The distance at which 

 standard trees should be placed need not be more than from 

 twenty to thirty feet. Dwarfs will require a little less, for as 

 they will not be allowed that scope, as in public orchards, less 

 room will be sufficient for them. Espaliers may be planted on 

 iron or wooden trellices or railings, of from four to eight feet 

 in height, and the trees should stand according to their kinds 

 and mode of training. Apples, eighteen or twenty feet, if 

 fan-trained, and from that distance to thirty, if horizontally 

 trained; the latter is probably the ])et(or {)lan for low walls or 



