CA4' THE PRACTICAL GARDENER. [Jan. 



fessor Tliouin. During the first and second years of train- 

 ing, it differs little from many other modes which have been 

 long in practice, F/gs. 1 and 2 ; but the third year it becomes 

 characteristic, by reversing the lateral shoots, Fig, 3. 



In pruning at this season, as well as at all others, it is of 

 importance to keep a strict eye on the lower parts of the trees, 

 whether they be young trees training, or old and fully esta- 

 blished ones, in order to see if there be any existing vacancy, 

 or any probability of such soon happening. In which cases, 

 if any good shoot be situated contiguously, it should be trained 

 in either at full length, or shortened to a few eyes to force out 

 as many shoots as may seem necessary ; for due precaution 

 should ever be observed in taking care to have a sufficient 

 stock of young wood coming forward to fill up any vacancy 

 that may occur, and for substituting a new set of branches for 

 such as arc either decayed or stand in need of retrenchment. 

 As the operation of pruning goes on, it is necessary to have 

 the branches again, as soon as possible, re-nailed or tied to 

 the wall or espalier, taking particular care to train them in 

 with great regularity. If horizontally, lay them in parallel to 

 each other, at equal distances throughout ; and if fan-trained. 



