THE FRUIT GARDEN. 



419 



After the buds have been inserted three weeks or a montn, 

 they should be examined, to see which of them have taken ; 

 those which appear shrivelled and black, being dead, but those 

 which remain fresh and plump have joined. At this time, the 

 bandage should be loosened, which, if not done in time, is 

 apt to pinch the stock, and greatly injure, if not destroy the 

 bud. 



In the following March, cut off the stock about three inches 

 above the bud, in a sloping manner, that the wet may pass 

 off, and not enter the stock ; the shoot which proceeds from the 

 bud, which would otherwise be in danger of being blown out, 

 may be tied the first year to the part of the stock left above 

 the bud ; after which it should be cut off close above the bud, 

 that the stock may be covered by it. Some, however, think 

 it a better practice to cut it close at once. 



After this, the whole effort of the stock is directed to the 

 inserted buds ; they soon push forth strong, one shoot fi'om 

 each ; many shoots also arise from the stock ; but these should 

 be constantly rubbed off as often as they appear, that all the 

 powers of the stock may be collected for the vigor of the bud- 

 shoot, from which now commences the tree, and by the end of 

 summer is, in some sorts, advanced three or four feet high ; and 

 in the autumn or spring following, the young trees may be 

 transplanted into the places where they are to remain, or they 

 may be kept longer in the nursery, according to the purposes 

 for which they are designed. 



SJiield-budding reversed, differs from the former, in having 

 the transverse cut made at the bottom of the perpendicular 

 slit, instead of its top, and of course the shield is reversed in 

 its position. This mode is sometimes practised, and is pre- 

 ferred to the other by those who contend that the sap rises in 

 the bark equally with the wood ; but as this opinion is on the 

 decline, shield-budding is not much used. It is sometimes 

 practised in the orange-nurseries, near Genoa, as may be seen 

 by orange-trees imported from that country. 



Scallojj-biahlhigf is performed on trees having a thick hard 

 bark, and is also sometimes done when the bark and wood do 

 not readily separate. It is performed by taking a thin tongue- 

 ehaped section of bark from the side of the stock, and in 



