166 



22. ~Canoe Cedak. Red Cedar. Yellow Cedae. (Thuya 



gigantea^ IvTutt.) 



A large-sized tree and one of great economical importauce. It occurs 

 iu northwestern Montana (and from California to Washington Territory 

 and north of the boundary), growing chiefly in moist, but sometimes in 

 dry, situations up to an elevation of 5,000 feet. In the northern Pacific 

 coast region it reaches its most valuable dimensions — 100 to 130 feet, and 

 G to 9 feet in diameter. The wood is soft, light, and lacking in strength, 

 but furnishes excellent material for inside work, as well as for coarse 

 lumber, shingles, staves, etc. 



Description. — Leaves sliort, scale-like, pointed, somcwkat closely overlapi)ing, and 

 forming short iuternodes; no glands or tubercles (or very obscure); bright to glau- 

 cous green. Cones i of an inch long, ovate, of few scales, clustered at the ends of 

 the branches, drooping; seeds winged all around. Crown narrow, pyramidal; 

 branches spreading and somewhat drooping. Liable to be confounded with the 

 California White Cedar {Lihocedriis decurrens, Torrey). 



23. — Cupressiis Giiadalu]^ensis^ Watson. 



Little is known of the economic importance of this tree, as it is a com- 

 paratively new species, discovered in eastern Arizona in 1880. It occurs 

 in southeastern New Mexico, eastern and southeastern Arizona, aiid 

 southward^ forming dense forests on rocky sites of from 5,000 to 8,000 

 feet elevation. It commonly grows to a height of 40 to 70 feet, and 2 to 

 4 feet in diameter. The timber is light and straight-grained, and splits 

 very readily; the heart-wood resembles that of the Eed Cedar very 

 closely. In mining districts it has been employed considerably for 

 wood and charcoal. 



Description. — Leaves small, scale-like, opposite, appressed, overlapping, and' form- 

 ing short 4-angled branchlets, whitish (glaucous), free from pits or glands. Cones 

 globe-like 1 to \^ inches in diameter, composed of from 6 to 8 thick, plate-like scales 

 with large curved bosses, crowded on short, strong, footstalks. Bark dark red and 

 fibrous, showing bright vermilion surface when newly scaled off. Closely grown, it 

 is a tall and straight tree, but shorter and with greater ambitus when isolated. 



24. — Juniper.* (Jiiniperus pachyphlociij Torrey.) 



A tree'30 to 50 feet high and 3 feet or more in diameter, occurring in 

 southern Arizona, New Mexico (in the mountains of western Texas, and 

 southward into Mexico). It is confined chiefly to dry slopes and ridges 

 between 2,000 and 3,000 feet, and in its mountain range is the principal 

 juniper, especially in Texas. The wood is light, soft, and easily wrought. 

 Fruit an important article of food among the Indians of the South- 

 west. 



Description. — General aspect white. Leaves in threes, overlapping closely, rather 

 sharp-pointed, ridged on the back, with a gland in the center; very glaucous. Fruit 

 solitary, globe-like, | of an inch in diameter, brownish, white with bloom, sweetish, 

 borne at the ends of short erect branchlets, the latter somewhat four-angled. 



* ^See non-arborescent Junipers, page 197. 



