158 GARDENING FOR WOMEN 



surveying and landscape gardening. Choice of site for 

 garden. Description and use of implements under each 

 head. Operations connected with the cultivation of the 

 land, with explanations and illustrations of good and bad 

 methods ; digging and trenching ; draining, hoeing, 

 stirring the soil, and weeding ; watering ; preparation of 

 seed beds ; rolling and raking, sowing, transplanting and 

 thinning ; potting, planting ; aspects, positions, and shelter ; 

 staking ; earthing and blanching, etc. Propagation, 

 elementary principles ; cuttings, buddings and grafting, 

 stocks used, layering, division, branch pruning, root 

 pruning ; old and young trees and bushes. Training. 

 Fruit culture : Open air and under glass ; small fruits ; 

 apples and pears ; stone fruits ; gathering and storing ; 

 packing and marketing. General knowledge of fruits, and 

 selection of varieties. Vegetable culture : tubers and 

 roots ; green vegetables ; fruit and seeds ; rotation of 

 crops, and selection of varieties. Flower culture, outside 

 and under glass. Manures and their application. Im- 

 provement of plants by cross-breeding, hybridisation and 

 selection. Arboriculture : trees and shrubs and their 

 culture. Insect and Fungus pests ; prevention and 

 treatment. 



Examination. — Royal Horticultural Society in xipril. 



PARTICULARS REGARDING SCHOOL GARDENS AT SCHOOLS 

 MAINTAINED BY THE LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL 



There are at present a number of schools maintained 

 by the Council where gardens exist. As a rule these 

 gardens are kept in condition by the caretaker or by the 



