202 The Commercial Products of the Sea. 



the different species to be as follows for one barrel of 

 blubber, from seals in prime condition : — 





Barrels of fat. 



Oil. 



Residue. 





lbs. 



Galls. 



lbs. 



Old harp [Pkoca Groenlandicd) 



288 



224 



73 



Young harp 



225 



22 



52 



Young hood {Stemmaiopus cristatus) ... 



230 



21 



80 



Beadlemer (a year-old hood) 



246 





103 



In 1850 the export of seal oil from Newfoundland was 

 6200 tuns, valued at;^i8o,ooo; in i860 it was 5565 tuns, 

 valued at i^i 69,975 ; in 1870 it was 4982 tuns, valued at 



76,472 ; and in 1875, 4837 tuns, valued at ^^132,116. 



The total value of the oil shipped from Newfoundland 



has been as below : — 



1870. 1875. 



Cod oil ... ... ^107,813 ... ... ;^ioi,420 



refined ... 21,068 ... ... 3,842 



Seal oil ... ... 176,472 ... ... 132,116 



;^305,353 ^237,378 



Thirty small sloops and steam vessels were employed 

 on the bank and Spitzbergen fisheries in 1873 ; the catch 

 resulted in 130,000 seals, 350 sea-horses or walruses, and 

 6363 barrels of liver, estimated together at a value of 

 ;^99,669. 



Seal-skins. — The seal fishery is chiefly prosecuted from 

 Newfoundland. It commences in March, and rarely lasts 

 longer than one or two months. There are from 150 to 

 200 decked vessels employed in it. These will take pro- 

 bably 2000 each, but as many as 8000 have been taken 

 on a single trip, and often two or three voyages are made in 

 one season. 



The quantity of seal-skins received in this country 

 varies; it has been as low as 160,000, and as high as 



