150 



MANUAL OF GARDENING 



surface of the nut be flush with the plane of the bark, within a 

 few years it will be covered by the growing tissue. 



['The inner ends of the rods in the two 

 branches may be connected by a rod or chain. 

 The preference for the chain 

 over the rod attachment is 

 based on the compressive 

 and tensile stresses which 

 come on the connection dur- 

 ing wind storms. Rod con- 

 nections are preferred, how- 

 ever, when rigidity is required, 

 as in unions made close to 

 the crotch; but for tying two 

 branches together before 

 they have shown signs of 

 weakening at the fork, the 

 chain may best be used, as 

 the point of attachment may 

 be placed some distance from the crotch, where the flexibility 

 factor will be important and the strain comparatively small. 

 Elms in an advanced stage of maturity, if subjected to severe 

 climatic conditions, often show this tendency to split. These 



168. The proper 

 way to saw off 

 a large limb. 

 A cut is first 

 made on the 

 under side to 

 prevent split- 

 ting down; 

 then it is cut 

 on the upper 

 side. Then 

 the entire 

 "stub " is re- 

 moved close to 

 the trunk. 



'il 



169. A weak-bodied 

 young tree well 

 supported ; pad- 

 ding is placed un- 

 der the bandages. 



170. The wrong way 

 of attaching a guy 

 rope. 



171. An allowable 

 way of attach- 

 ing a guy rope. 



172. The best way 

 of attaching a 

 guy rope, if a tree 

 must be used as 

 support. 



