WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



293 



second-growth hardwoods. Where the yellow and white pine 

 once grew there are now only scattered trees of these species. 



Great changes have taken place in the forests of the county 

 within the last 20 years. In 1893 Geo. AY. Summers, author of 

 *'The Mountain State" wrote of the timber in Tyler county as 

 follows : 



*'Oak, poplar, hickory, chestnut, ash and walnut are the 

 principal woods, though there is very little of the latter left 

 now. The lands along the streams have all been pretty well 

 cleared, but on the lands back from them and on the hills little 

 has been cut." A little further on, however, this author adds: 

 *'Saw mills, stave mills and other wood working industries are 

 numerous in the county and the forests are rapidly disappear- 

 ing." 



UPSHUR COUNTY. 



Location and Area. 



Upshur county, formed from parts of Randolph, Barbour 

 and Lewis in the year 1851, is located slightly northeast of the 

 center of the State. Its area is 326 square miles or 208,640 

 acres. 



Topography. 



The surface of the county varies greatly from north to 

 south. The smoothest and lowest land lies north and west of a 

 line running from Arlington, on the Little Kanawha river to 

 Sago, and thence down the Buckhannon river to the Barbour 

 county line. The smoothest and best agricultural land lies in 

 Warren and Buckhannon districts in the northern and north- 

 western parts of the county. The hills of that part of Warren 

 district which borders on the Buckhannon river and those that 

 are in the drainage basin of Pecks and Turkey nms are low, 

 with well-rounded or flat tops. The hills of the northwestern 

 side of the district, drained by Hackers creek, are steep and less 

 rounded on top. Only a few of the Hackers creek hills rise 

 above those on the other side but all appear much higher on 

 account of the greater depth of the stream channels in that sec- 



