WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 389 



Summers : common. 

 Logan: rare. 



Boone : few trees on Pond Fork of Little Coal river. Trees 



with straight trunks 3 or 4 inches in diameter. 

 Fayette: found at Fayetteville. 



Reported from Wayne, Monroe, Mingo, (rare) Braxton 

 (rare), Gilmer (rare), Greenbrier, Pendleton^ Grant, 

 and Nicholas (rare) . 

 Wood. — Coarse-grained, hard, light, brownish. 

 Uses. — Wood of no commercial value in West Virginia. Nuts 

 often sold in market of southern towns. 



QUERCUS RUBRA, L. Red Oak. 



Geographic Distribution. 



Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick through Quebec 

 to the northern shores of Lake Huron and to Lake Namekagon, 

 southward to middle Tennessee and Virginia, and along the 

 high Appalachian mountains to northern Georgia, and west- 

 ward to eastern Nebraska and central Kansas; rare and of 

 small size toward the northern limits of its range; abundant 

 in southern Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario; one of the larg- 

 est and most common trees of the forests of the northern states, 

 and of its largest size in the region north of the Ohio river, 

 less common and usually of smaller size southward. 



Distribution in West Virginia. — Found throughout the State. 

 Most frequent and of largest size in the high hilly and 

 mountainous sections. Grows at higher elevations than the 

 other native oaks. Rather infrequent, of smaller size, and 

 poorer in quality in the low counties along the Ohio river 

 and in the eastern part of the State. 



Wood.- — Hard, heavy, medium close-grained, reddish brown. 



Uses. — One of the valuable timber trees. Chief use of wood is 

 for furniture and interior finish for houses. 



QUERCUS PALUSTRIS, Muench. Pin Oak. Swamp Spanish 



Oak. 



Geographic Distribution. 



Borders of swamps and river-bottoms in deep moist rich soil; 

 valley of the Connecticut river in western Massachusetts to 

 southern Missouri, and southward to the valley of the lower 

 Potomac river, Virginia, central Kentucky, southwestern Ten- 



