WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



391 



in the foothill regions of the southern Appalachian mountains; 

 abundant in all parts of the Mississippi basin, and of its largest 

 size in the valley of the lower Ohio river; the common species 

 of the black oak group reaching the south-Atlantic and Gulf 

 coast, and here generally scattered on dry ridges through the 

 maritime pine belt. 



Distrihutioji in West Virginia. — Distributed generally over the 

 State. Abundant in scrubby growth on hills over the 

 southern half of the State, where it is usually known as 

 "Blackjack." 



Wood. — Hard, strong, coarse-grained, reddish brown. 



Uses. — TTood used for interior finish, boards, staves, ties, etc. Of 

 less value as a timber tree than some of the other oaks. . 



QUERCUS NANA, Sarg. Bear Oak. Scrub Oak. "Jack Oak." 



Geographic Distribution. 



Dry sandy barrens and rocky hillsides; coast of eastern 

 Maine southvrard through eastern and southern New England 

 to eastern Pennsylvania and along the Alleghany mountains to 

 southern Virginia, and westward to the shores of Lake George 

 and the valley of the Hudson river; common in eastern and 

 southern New England, in the pine barrens of New^ Jersey, and 

 in eastern Pennsylvania. 



Bistrihufion in West Virginia. — Principally east of the Alle- 

 ghanies and the southern mountainous counties. 

 Hampshire: abundant. 

 Hardy: found frequently. 



Grant : common east of the Alleghany crest and found as 



far west as ]\Iount Storm. 

 Monroe : frequent on dry ridges. 

 Summ.ers : common in some localities on hills. 

 Eeported from Pocahontas and Greenbrier. 

 Uses. — Of no commercial value; used occasionally for domestic 

 purposes. 



QUERCUS PAGOD^FOLIA, Ashe. Swamp Spanish Oak. 



Geographic Distri'bution. 



Rich bottom-lands and the alluvial banks of streams; south- 

 western Virginia to northern Florida, and through the Gulf 

 states and Arkansas to southern Missouri, western Tennessee 



