5^ 



to remain in the school three years. The institution is both a 

 school and a shop, and the time of the pupils is daily divided 

 between the two. Drawing, Physics and Elementary Mechanics 

 are prominent among the practical studies of the school room. 

 In the shops a great variety of trades are taught, such as stone- 

 cutting, including keystones, steps, thresholds, flooring tiles 

 and placing plinths ; masonry, including plain walls, founda- 

 tions, chimneys, niches, sewers, arches, &c. ; smith ery, or mak- 

 ing cramps, hooks, hinges, nuts, locks, girders, &c. The braziers 

 are taught forging, turning, stretching and soldering, and make 

 water-cans, dust-pans, kettles, basins, springs and various 

 kitchen utensils. The instrument-makers learn to cut screws 

 and worms, forge steel and copper and cast copper objects. 

 The carpenters make chests, desks, trestles, windows, doors and 

 the like. The painters learn to make putty, grind paint, polish 

 wood, set glass, paint letters and to grain in imitation of marble 

 or the choicer woods. In the Philadelphia Exposition the 

 admirable exhibit of the various articles made by these boys 

 proved alike their skill and the practical value of this institution. 



In view of the great variety of the work and the need of 

 individual instruction, twenty-one masters are employed in this 

 school. Grreat prominence is given to drawing, as lying at the 

 foundation of skilled industry. The Director is the teacher of 

 construction and projective drawing. There are four other 

 teachers of drawing — rectilinear, architectural, ornamental and 

 model drawing, and one or more in each of the other depart- 

 ments above named. The boys draw simple constructions from 

 wood, iron or brick work, such as window joints, doors, jambs, 

 ravelins, stair-cases, roof-constructions, brace-works, springs, 

 locks, cornices, architraves, &c. The school studies occupy 

 each morning and the practical instruction in the workshops 

 the afternoon. As soon as the boys are made familiar with 

 the tools, they are entrusted with practical and marketable 

 work, not sham or play-work, but the making of saleable arti- 

 cles for the trade, so that they at once feel that they are engaged 

 in real business. This plan excites the ambition of the boys 

 and adds interest and dignity to their work. The workshops 

 are of the most approved kind and are supplied with the best 

 tools and appliances. In the carpenter's shop, there are benches 



