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hours, and fifteen hundred hours must be given to study, each half 

 year. In the Winter Session, from November 1st to May 1st, 

 seventy-five lectures of an hour and a half each are given on 

 forest economy, and the same amount of time is allotted for 

 preparation of the special topic of each lecture, embracing in 

 the course, the exploitation of forests; relation of forests to 

 climate; natural history of difierent kinds of trees; manage- 

 ment of forests ; conversion of one form of forest into another ; 

 and desirable qualities and defects of woods. The same num- 

 ber of lectures and the same amount of study are devoted to 

 botany — the structure, organs, physiology and geographical 

 distribution of plants. Of the seventy-five lectures devoted 

 to mathematics, twenty are taken up with land-surveying and 

 levelling, fifteen hours are given to the preparation of plans 

 under the direction of a professor, twenty-two hours to eleva- 

 tions in water-colors, the same time to sketches and descriptions 

 of rising grounds and to diagrams and calculations of polygonal 

 figures, and also to elevations and designs in hatch work. There 

 are also lectures and lessons in road and bridge building, such 

 as may be required in the exploitation of forests ; in forest law 

 and in the Grerman language, together with some military 

 instruction and drill, and practice in horsemanship. 



In the Summer Session, from May to September, thirty-one 

 days are spent in botanical and professional excursions in the 

 Yosges, the Jura and other mountains, in which are visited 

 forests in all stages of treatment and exploitation, and where the 

 students are required to practice in the mensuration of wood 

 and timber. Six days are allotted to preparing a report of the 

 tour of observation and an herbarium of the plants collected. 

 Seven days in the field and fifteen hours in the study are 

 given to making a diagram with report, full calculations and 

 topographical plan, including levels and a reduced drawing of 

 the same, and one day in each section of the forest visited to 

 a mensuration of a supposed felling and the preparation of an 

 official report of it. Five days of work on the ground are 

 given to the study of an imaginary projected road, and twenty 

 days to making drawings and specifications and estimates 

 relating to embankments, consolidating the scarps of ravines, 

 building barriers of masonry or fascines across the bed of 



