GOOD CITIZEi^SHIP HELPLESS 223 



location of an east and west parkway from Newark to the 

 Orange Mountain, in the central part of the county/' 



The landscape architects of the department at this time 

 were the Olmsted Brothers, who had succeeded landscape 

 architects and engineers Barrett and Bogart, the Septem- 

 ber previous. In December, 1898, following their appoint- 

 ment, the Messrs. Olmsted had submitted two elaborate re- 

 ports on the parkway subject — one December 24, the other 

 December 31 — of twenty-four pages of typewritten matter, 

 and apparently covering most of the county. These reports 

 were furnished in response to a resolution of the board of 

 November 16, 1898, calling for ^'a report on parkways in 

 general," and were, in outline, similar to the parkway feat- 

 ures of the other tentative reports of the original five park 

 specialists (their own report among the number) made to 

 the first Park Commission in 1894 and early in 1895. These 

 elaborate reports of 1898, however, although they treated of 

 widely extended possible parkway locations, recommended 

 special legislation for the acquirement of the requisite land ; 

 favored the establishment of building lines on future park- 

 ways, and desirable trafiic restrictions, and the limiting of 

 height of buildings. They also advocated ^^the extension of 

 the East Orange parkway on to AYeequahic," also to "the 

 disposal works and to Eagle Eock," etc. Yet they made no 

 reference whatever to the two great east and w^est avenue 

 parkways already constructed, and which, as elaborated 

 upon in that firm's own report of January 16, 1895, were 

 then described as being "essentially parkways of a formal 

 character," "on which, to make them all that is desirable 

 for your purpose, it is only necessary" that "certain im- 

 provements of detail should be made." 



OBJECTIOXS BASED ON TRAFFIC. 



No reference or suggestion was made in any of the earlier 

 expert reports as to "the needs-of -ordinary-traffic" objection 

 to the avenues being improved as parkways ; but, after the 

 traction company's franchise promoters had systematically 

 exploited this claim, it soon entered into the parkway side of 



