78 



FORESTS, FOREST LANDS AND FOREST PRODUCTS. 



of Paint Eock, and over one-half as much went direct north, or to 

 Norfolk by rail, as was shipped by way of Wilmington. Although 

 the output of rosin and spirits of turpentine has more than doubled 

 in the United States since 1860, the demand has increased nearly 

 as rapidly until within the last few years, when there has been over- 

 production and consequently low prices. 



VAI.UE OF THE NAVAIv STORE PRODUCTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



From the Eleventh Census the total value of the naval stores 

 manufactured in the United States for the year ending May 31, 

 1890, was $8,077,379. The product that year consisted of 346,524 

 barrels of spirits of turpentine, 1,129,154 barrels of rosin, and 

 about 40,000 barrels of tar, pitch and miscellaneous products. 

 The turpentine products given above represent the entire amount 

 produced in the world for commercial purposes with the exception 

 of that made in southern France .and Austria, which altogether 

 did not amount to 25,000,000 pounds (about 100,000 barrels). 



AMOUNT OF CAPITAL AND LABOR EMPLOYED. 



The cost of the crude material used to produce the output of 

 naval store products in the United States in 1890 was $2,506,440, 

 and the capital directly invested in the manufacture of naval stores 

 in the United States was reported by the Eleventh Census to be 

 $1,117,265, and in North Carolina $269,341. This capital, repre- 

 senting 670 establishments, employed 15,313 laborers in the United 

 States and 1,747 laborers, on an average, in North Carolina, where 

 there were reported to be 194 establishments. 



The relatively suiall nuuiber of laborers given as employed in 

 this State is due to the fact that the greater part of the turpentine 

 is collected by farmers (or their "hands") who have a small area 

 of turpentine orchard and utilize their time at dull seasons in this 

 Avay ; and many of these are not included in the above estimate. 

 But some of the turpentine collected in other States is also gotten 

 in the same manner. 



CONDITION OF THE NAVAL STORE INDUSTRY IN NORTH CAROLINA. 



During the latter part of 1893 the Geological Survey made an 

 examination into the condition of the naval store industrj' in North 



