NOMENCLATrRK OF THE TREES. 



17 



with P. echiiiata (the short-leaf pine), and rosemary pine is used along 

 the Cape Fear river. Slash pine, swamp pine and old-field pine are 

 names frequently given to it. Sap pine, North Carolina pine and 

 North Carolina sap pine are names in use among lumbermen. 



Shokt-leaf PINE (P. echinata Mill.). — Short-leaf pine and yelloiv 

 p)ine are names given it in the middle and western sections of the 

 State, and it is there also the old-field pine. It is spruce pine in 

 eastern and south-eastern counties and is known among mill men 

 as North Carolina and yellow .pine. 



Savanxa pine (P. serotina Michx.) is also called short-leaf, and 

 other names for it are old-field pine, bastard short-leaf, swamp and 

 pocosin pine. This pine is seldom recognized as distinct from the lob- 

 lolly. Its most frequent designation where so distinguished is poco- 

 sin pine, from its growing in flat, marshy land ; the flat, undrained 

 lands, usually at the heads of streams, being called "^^^^^osins." 

 These pocosins are covered with a low growth of gums, this pine, 

 and an undergrowth of gallberry bushes, huckleberries and androm- 

 edas, while in places there is more or less coarse, densely stooled 

 grass and sedges. This land often appears to be on the point of 

 becoming savanna land, should the drainage become more thorough 

 or its surface be raised by an accumulating peat. The common 

 names for the other trees of this region, which are being discussed 

 as being at present of considerable economic importance, are widely 

 known and merely deserve mention: Cypress [Taxodium distichum 

 Rich.); yellow poplar (Liriode7idron tulipifera L.): white cedar 

 {Chamaecyparis spheroidca Spach.), often c'dlled jwniper, a name that is 

 also applied to a small shrub farther north. Although three species 

 of ash occur no distinction is iliade between them, each being called 

 simply ash. These three species are the ivater ash (Fraxinus platy- 

 carpa Michx.), white ash (F. Americana L.) and red ash {F. puhescens 

 Lam.). The first of these is a small tree confined in this State to 

 swamps in the extreme eastern and southern parts. The other 

 two are larger trees and occur in all parts of the State, either in 

 swamps, along streams or in moist, cool places. 



