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GARDEN GUIDE 



S. — Unripe spore case of a fern (greatly magnified) 

 Sp. — The spore case burst and throwing its spores 

 r*. — The green growth that comes from a spore and which give rise to the little fern 



plant (f) 



1. — Fern plant bearing a frond. Each division of the frond is called a pinnule (plural, 

 pinnae) (P.) This frond is covered with dot-like masses which are the spore cases (Sp.) 

 At the base of the plant is a young frond (c) growing from the root stock (R) 

 2. — Pinnule of Dryopteris. 3. — Pinnae of Adiantum 

 4. — In certain ferns the leaflets or pinnae that bear spore cases are much changed, as for 

 example in Osmunda regalis, the Koyal Ferq 



