ARRIVAL OF THE ROYAL FAMILY. 



25 



that some Indians had been shipped from thence to Portugal in 1527, would 

 tend to demonstrate that a factory had existed there previous to the arrival of 

 Martin A, de Souza, (the first donatory,) and which factory had conceded to 

 Pedro Goes the power of shipping to Portugal a certain number of aborigi- 

 nal Indians, free from all the duties which it was customary to pay. ( Forros 

 de todos OS dereitos, que custamavam pagar.) If this factory existed, neither 

 the period of its commencement is evident, nor by whom it was established. 



The intelligence which the ship of Garciam brought to Portugal, in. the year 

 1528, that the Spaniards had formed an establishment upon the river Plate, 

 induced King John III. who wished that river to become the divisionary line, to 

 despatch an armament, in the year 1531, under the command of Martim AfFonso 

 de Souza, with orders to erect fortifications and to distribute lands to those 

 who wished to establish themselves in the country. The fleet, after having made 

 and recognised Cape St. Augustin, navigated along the coast and entered the 

 bay of All Saints, where they discovered and captured two French vessels. 

 Joam de Souza, captain of one of the ships composing the armament, was 

 sent to announce to the King this circumstance. Martim Affonso continued 

 his voyage to the south, and after refreshing at Porto Seguro, he found out 

 and entered the bay of St. Luzia, to which he gave the name of Rio de 

 Janeiro, inconsequence of discovering it on the 1st of January, 1532. Pro- 

 secuting the voyage, and always keeping as near land as possible, he gave 

 to the most remarkable and important places, the names of the saints on whose 

 days he discovered them. Having passed the island of St. Sebastian, on the 

 20th of the same month, he proceeded to that part of the port where it is 

 supposed the factory was situated, and of which no doubt he was previously 

 informed. It appears, however, after various operations upon the northern 

 bar of the port to establish there the colonists, who wished to remain in the 

 land, he changed his plan and removed them to the southern bar. He spent 

 eleven months in the execution of various measures upon the coast, and it was 

 the month of December before he arrived at the river Plate ; for the sun, say 

 the Portuguese, was on the tropical line of Capricorn. (O sol chegou ao tropico 

 de Capricornio.) Not meeting with any Spanish settlements upon any part of 

 the coast, he returned to the colony at the southern bar of the bay of Santos, 

 augmenting it considerably, by giving lands to all individuals who determined to 

 settle there, in pursuance of the orders he had received. He sent eighty men 

 into the interior, for the purpose of discovering or making a conquest of the 

 mines of Cannanea. The entire party were murdered by the Carijos Indians. 



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