PROVINCE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL. 



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tinned cataracts. By its southern margin fourteen currents are admitted, some 

 of them ten leagues in extent ; and fifteen by its northern bank, none exceed- 

 ing five leagues. The southern ones, commencing from the mouth of the river, 

 are the Pereira, rising in the Serra dos Tappes ; the Cardozo ; the Evaristo ; the 

 Meirelles ; the Sapata, which flows from the same serra; the small river Pedras, 

 (Stones,) rising near the situation called Igatimi ; the Almeida ; the Arroio 

 Grande; the Velhaco, originating in the Grand Cochilha, near the Serro Bay, 

 and running through a bed consisting in parts of rugged and craggy pro- 

 minences ; the Fagundes, which runs for five leagues between rocks, with many 

 falls ; the Rodrigues, rolling angrily over precipices, and foaming between 

 rocks and stones ; tlie Arroio da Palma, considerable, serene, well stored 

 with fish, and navigable for small craft; (the quadruped capibara is seen upon 

 its banks in bands of eighty and one hundred ;) and the Camapuan Chici, tranquil 

 in its course, receiving, amongst other streams, one called Tigre. The adjacent 

 territory consists of fine campos, fertile in corn. 



Passing the mouth of the Camapuan, northward, the Duro is first met with, 

 which runs through a flat open country, without wood, and forms in its course 

 some lakes. Next, the Velhaco, flowing rapidly through woods. Beyond 

 this is the Passo Grande, with like umbrageous borders. 



Proceeding up by the Jacuhy to the town of Portalegre, on the left bank is 

 the Araca, rising in the Serra Herval, and the Antonio Alves, which, three 

 leagues above its mouth, receives the Doudarilho, and affords an open naviga- 

 tion to hyates, or yachts. At the northern extremity of the lake Patos the 

 river Palmares enters, having its source in the neighbouring plains of the Tra- 

 mandahy. Three leagues to the west of it runs the Capibara, which is only a 

 current in winter, when the lake of Serra, receiving the waters of various small 

 brooks, discharges them through this outlet : the lake is about eighteen miles 

 long and five wide, and runs parallel with the cordillera. The country which 

 these rivers traverse is a plain of white sand, and in great part marshy, pro- 

 ducing, however, some herbage, brushwood, and plantations. 



Along the coast, which runs from Cape St. Mary to the little Castilhos, are various 

 lakes approximating to the sea. The lake Manglieira, which is eighty miles long 

 and about four broad, extends between the coast and the lake Mirim, and empties 

 itself, at the northern extremity, by an outlet called Arroio Thahim. The peninsula 

 between the coast and the lake of Patos, from two to six leagues in width, 

 is interspersed with a great number of lakes, generally running into the ocean, 



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