164 



PROVINCE OF ST. PAULO. 



is reputed to contain gold, is situated upon the right margin of the Tiete, thirty- 

 miles below the embouchure of the Piracicaba. This mountain must not be 

 confounded with a serra of the same name, which exists more in the centre of 

 the pi'ovmce. 



Near the head of the Jaguariquatu, is the elevated mount of Pirapirapuan, 

 which is discovered at a great distance, and possesses gold. The mountain 

 of Thaho, upon the margin of the Thajahi, is also high, and yields the same 

 metal. 



The serra Dourada is situated in the campo of Guarapuaba, to the west of 

 the Tibagi. The serra of Apucaranna, is also in the plains of Guarapuaba. 



In the vicnity of the sea is to be remarked Mount Cardozo, on the left of 

 the enhance to the bay of Cannanea, Mount Jurea, by corruption Judea, 

 receives this name in consequence of its appearing like Judea to the travellers, 

 who cannot pass the road leading over the summit without much fatigue. It is 

 a few leagues to the north of the river Iguape, is high, commands an extensive 

 view, and precipitates various torrents, amongst which the river Verde is con- 

 spicuous, forming several cascades. 



The serra of Jaguary, which is between the rivers Itanhaen and Una, near 

 the beach, is in great part composed of stone, with trees of more than ordinary 

 magnitude. 



Mineralogy. — There are mines of gold, silver, brass, iron, brimstone, 

 pumice-stone, flint, magnet, calcareous stone, granite, amolar, or grind-stone, 

 potters' earth, rubies, diamonds, and a diversity of other precious stones. 



Rivers and Ports. — None of the maritime provinces, with the exception 

 of that of Para, present so many navigable rivers, notwithstanding the most 

 important are incapable of conducting the productions of the central districts of 

 the country to the ports of the sea, the whole flowing in a contrary direction to 

 the westward, and are swallowed up by the Paranna; but even the produce of 

 the western districts, if agriculture should at any future epoch flourish there, 

 cannot descend by the Paranna, in consequence of the Seven Falls, (Seteque- 

 das.) It might, however, be conveyed over land to the point where the river 

 becomes navigable, and from thence to the ports, by overcoming other obsta- 

 cles in the imperfect mode already practised in these parts. 



The principal rivers of this province are the Paranna, the Iguassu, the Paraii- 

 napanema, and the Tiete. 



The Paranna takes this name at the confluence of the Paranahyba, which 

 comes from the centre of Goyaz, and the Rio Grande, which issues from the 



