PROVINCE OF GOYAZ. 



245 



from whence a much greater quantity might be extracted with water and proper 

 management. There is a curious operation of nature in its vicinity, near the 

 road of Carretao, representing human visages. It is worthy of notice. 



Twenty miles to the east of Pilar is situated the aldeia of Lavrinhas, near the 

 source of a small stream, which, after a course of ten miles, enters the river 

 Almas. 



Ten miles to the south-west of Pilar, near the river Moquem, a branch of the 

 Crixa, is the arraial of Gorinos, with a hermitage. It was fully inhabited whilst 

 its mines of gold were productive. 



Three miles to the east of Villa Boa is situated the arraial of Ferreiro, 

 (Blacksmith) with a chapel of St. Joam Baptista. It is the most ancient esta- 

 blishment of the province. It derived its name from a blacksmith, who remained 

 there exercising his trade, after the miners had deserted it, for the purpose of 

 mining in other places. About eight miles to the east of the preceding place, 

 near a small river, a branch of the river Uruhu, is the considerable arraial of 

 Oiro Fino, (Fine Gold) which took this name from the superior quality of that 

 metal found here. It has a chapel dedicated to the Lady of Pilar. 

 , Eighteen miles to the south-west of the capital is the arraial and parish of 

 St. Joze de Mossamedes, founded in the year 1774, for the habitation of a 

 numerous colony of Indians, consisting of three different nations, the Carajas 

 and Javahes, brought from the district of Nova Beira, and the Accroas, who 

 lived to the east of the serra Parannan, in the territory where the Correntes has 

 its heads. 



Twenty-eight miles to the south-west of St. Joze, and forty-five from the 

 capital, is situated Aldeia Maria, near the margin of the river Fartura, in a plain 

 constantly refreshed by breezes. It was founded in 1781, for the establishment 

 of almost three hundred Cayapo Indians, who were augmented in the following 

 year by more than two hundred of the same nation, invited thither by the report 

 of the good treatment which their comrades experienced. Afterwards came va- 

 rious mallocas, or parties, amongst whom arrived some caciques, or captains, one 

 of whom had hair resembling that of a mulatto. One cripple and some blind, 

 amongst so many, prove that this nation are not greatly subjected to natural 

 bodily defects. At the beginning they showed themselves grateful for the 

 benefits conferred upon them, faithful to their promises, and without any 

 remarkable propensity to thieving ; some learned trades the most wanted in the 

 colony. The women, after a short time, learned to spin, weave, and sew. This 

 establishment, which was expected to have become flourishing by this time, is 



