PROVINCE OF ESPIRITO SANTO. 



295 



Magos, from whence a great extent of ocean is discovered, was founded by the 

 Jesuits, who had a hospicio here, whither they repaired from the college of the 

 capital to learn the Tupininquin language. This edifice has been for a long 

 time the residence of the vicars, and its handsome chapel, dedicated to Reys 

 Magos, has always served for the mother church. It has a considerable piece 

 of ground attached to it, in the form of a square. In no other parish of the 

 bishopric have the number of native Indians increased sO much as here ; with 

 them are intermixed some whites and mesticos. The whole pursue fishing, and 

 are farmers of the first necessaries. They export some earthenware and 

 timber. 



Five miles to the north of Alraeyda is the Aldeia Velha, (the Old Aldeia,) in- 

 habited by Christianized Indians. It has commodious anchorage for sumacas 

 at the mouth of a small river. 



Further on there is another aldeia of Goytacaze Indians, also Christians. 

 The whole cultivate the necessaries of life, practise fishing, and many pursue 

 the manufacture of earthenware. Orange trees are remarkably abundant, and 

 the fruit excellent. A considerable quantity of gamellas (wooden bowls) are 

 exported. 



Itapemirim stands on the southern margin, and two miles above the mouth 

 of the river of the same name. It has a parish church of Our Lady of Amparo. 

 A considerable augmentation of this place is anticipated. Its inhabitants drink 

 the waters of the river, cultivate plantations of the sugar cane, and the cotton 

 tree, rice, Indian corn, &c. and cut timber; all these are articles of exportation. 



On the margin of the river Piuma there is an aldeia of the same name, whose 

 inhabitants cultivate the necessaries of life pecuHar to the country, and cut much 

 timber from the neighbouring woods. Vessels of a small size can be con- 

 structed here. 



On the margin of the river Doce, two miles below the mouth of the Mandu, 

 there is a prezidio, with the name of Souza, in order to impede the smuggling 

 of gold from Minas Geraes, and which may become in time a considerable 

 povoa^ao. The surrounding territory is highly fertile. One quart of the seed 

 of feijao will generally produce ninety Winchester bushels ; and lower down, 

 upon an island in the same river, the same quantity of seed has rendered one 

 hundred and fifteen Winchester bushels, which is nearly four hundred for one. 

 A quart of Indian corn commonly produces one hundred and fifteen bushels. 

 A shrub grows here, the braised leaves of which afford a liquor by infusion, 

 which will dye a fast purple colour. 



