PROVINCE OF BAHIA. 



333 



and Latin, with royal honours. The tide does not ascend higher than the 

 town, and the port is at its commencement, from whence are exported large 

 quantities of sugar, tobacco, spirits, and some cotton. Its district has many 

 sugar works. The communication from hence with Bahia is short and easy, 

 and the same tide which conveys barks from St. Amaro will often conduct them 

 to the capital. 



Eight miles to the north-north-west is the parish of St. Gon^alo dos Campos, 

 whose inhabitants are generally cultivators of the tobacco plant. 



Maragogype, a considerable town, and advantageously situated near the left 

 margin of the Guahy, a mile above its confluence with the Paraguassu, is orna- 

 mented with a church of St. Bartholomew and four chapels dedicated to Our 

 Lady, with the titles of Nazareth, Mares, Lapa do Saboeiro, and Lapa do Monte. 

 It has royal professors of the primitive letters and Latin, a Juiz de Fora, a 

 fountain of good water, tolerable houses, is encircled with hills, and exports 

 farinha, sugar, and tobacco. In the vicinity of this town are found armenian 

 bole and antimony. 



The river Guahy, which brings the waters of the Capanema, is navigable for 

 the space of ten miles. 



The Paraguassu at this place is near two in width, and from it a branch runs 

 north-east to the centre of the celebrated valley of Iguape, which is about five 

 miles long, and of varied width ; it is covered with plantations of the sugar- 

 cane, for the growth of which it is deemed the best land that is known, being 

 what is termed massape, or a black and strong soil, which is, unquestionably, 

 the most congenial to the cane. There are nearly twenty sugar- works within its 

 narrow precincts, the proprietors of which are parishioners of Santiago, the 

 church of which is a short way from the left bank of the Paraguassu, upon whose 

 margin, not far distant, is also a convent and novitiate-house of Franciscans. 



Cachoeira, a flourishing and commercial town, is divided into two parts by 

 the river Paraguassu ; the largest, which is along the left or eastern bank, has 

 the church of Our Lady of Rozario, a convent of slippered Carmelites, with 

 a Terceira order subordinate to them, a chapel of Our Lady of Concei^ao, 

 another of St. Pedro, a hospital of St. Joam de Deos, a fountain, and three 

 small bridges of stone over two small rivers, the Pitanga, and Caquende, or 

 Falleira, each of which has its sugar-works, but neither have a course of three 

 miles. The municipal house is situated in the portion of this town, which has 

 nearly ten thousand inhabitants. The western part, upon the right bank of the 

 river, is traversed by two brooks, and has two churches, the one dedicated to 



