454 



PROVINCE OF PARA. 



mentioned. The Portuguese more frequently call it the Amazons as far as the 

 embouchure of Rio Negro ; from thence upwards the Solimoes, and, at the 

 famous confluence of the Ucayale with the Tanguragua, it takes the appella- 

 tion of Maranham. It was doubtful for some time which of these was its prin- 

 cipal head. The first, unquestionably, has the more extensive course, and is 

 wider at their union than the latter. 



The Tanguragua issues from lake Hyauricocha, situated in ten and a half 

 degrees of south latitude, in the district of Huanaco, about one hundred miles 

 north-north-east of Lima. It runs north-north-west for the space of three hun- 

 dred and fifty miles between the two cordilleiras of the Andes as far as the town 

 of Jaen de Bracamoras, commencing with the name of the lake in which it 

 originates. At Bracamoras, where it begins to be navigable, it receives the 

 Chinchipe on the left, which comes from the north-west ; and on the right the 

 Chachapoyas, which flows from the south-east, both navigable. Here it inclines 

 to the north-east till it receives the Santiago, formed by various torrents, preci- 

 pitated from the mountains of Loxa. In this interval of one hundred and forty 

 miles, nearly midway, the Tanguragua receives the Chuchunga on the right, 

 navigable for ten miles. It should have been observed, that the port of Braca- 

 moras is on its left bank, and that immediately below the town its waters are 

 contracted between two mountains, and, running furiously, descend by various 

 falls. Below the Chuchunga it flows through the narrow strait of Cumbinama, 

 and afterwards by that of Escorregabragas, neither of which are very dan- 

 gerous. 



At the confluence of the Santiago, the Tanguragua is five hundred yards in 

 width, and three miles further, running eastward, it begins to straighten, travers- 

 ing the interior cordilleira of the Andes, and is reduced in the narrowest part 

 to fifty yards. The current descends this contracted channel of six miles, 

 denominated Pongo, in the space of one hour. At its termination is situated 

 the city of Borja. 



Seventy miles below Borja it receives on the left the Marona, which is not 

 inferior to the Santiago, descending from the volcano of Sangay, and forty miles 

 further, on the same side, the considerable Pastaca, which originates also in the 

 Cordillera. 



Thirty-five miles below, the large Guallaga enters it, originating a little 

 to the north of lake Chiquiacoba in 11° of latitude, in the district of 

 Huanaco, which name it takes for a considerable space, describing numerous 



