APPENDIX— PHYTOLOGY. 515 



and has on the upper part of the bill a caruncle, composed of various yellow globules of divers sizes, 

 attached to a delicate pedicle. 



In the interior lakes tii<-re is a species of gull, the size of a swallow, the lower part very white, and 

 the upper of a peaii colour; the tail forked, the wings long and narrow, with the three leading fea- 

 thers black, as likewise the fore part of the head ; the bill is long and yellow. 



Patativa of an ash colour, is le^s than a robin, and sings. 



Rendeira is the size of a bullfinch and white, with the head, tail, and wings black, the bill and 

 tail short. 



TicoTico is of the size of a hedge-sparrow, having its colour almost upon the sides, with the belly 

 yellow, and a white semi- circle above the eyes. 



Tacoara is larger than a blackbird, of a greenish colour, with the tail very long, the upper 

 part of the head a gold colour, having a large black spot round the eyes. 



PHYTOLOGY. 



Perhaps no country in the world presents such an infinite variety of vegetation as the Brazil, or so 

 spacious a field for the labours of the botanist. It abounds in a diversity of excellent timber, 

 dye-woods, and medicinal plants. Nature, here so spontaneous, has not, amongst its innumerable 

 indigenous species, any plants and trees of the European world. The colonists have naturalized 

 a great number, but they do not prosper so well as in their native soil. Those of Africa and Asia 

 sustain no injury when planted in the same latitude. The olive-tree grows little, soon droops, and 

 does not fructify in the torrid zone. The chestnut-tree is only known in the southern provinces, where 

 peaches grow in perfection ; also the apple, plum, and cherry trees. The pomegranite and quince 

 also prosper in the torrid zone. The vine and fig grow generally, but more especially out of the 

 tropic. Oranges, of which there are various kinds, grow universally. Grain does not grow in all the 

 provinces, with the exception of rice and Indian corn. Water-melons are every where excellent ; the 

 melon is good only in a few places. The cabbage and lettuce are cultivated, together with other in- 

 digenous hortulans unknown in Europe. The pea, bean, and turnip are little cultivated ; with these 

 were also naturalized rosemary, rue, wormwood, lavender, parsley, coriander, aniseed, mint, the pink, 

 and jasmine. The rose-tree has a great enemy in the ant : its flower is not handsome. 



Amongst other tree;; of excellent wood for building, carpenter and joiner's work, are the ajetahypeta, 

 buranhe, cedar, conduru, coragao de negro, (negro's heart,) gon^alo alves, jacaranda, jacarandatan, 

 jacarando-mulato, jequitiba, jetahy, loiro, massaranduba, mocetahyba, mocuhyba, which is high, 

 having a small tuft, similar to a parasol, and affords a small walnut, somewhat like an olive, with a thin 

 and smoth rind, inclosing an oval kernel, from which is extracted an oil that is applied to various 

 sens, brahuna, or maria prefo, olandim, bow wood, oil wood, violet wood, peguim, putumuju, oyty, 

 oytycica, itapicuru, sapucaya, sebastiao d'arruda, male and female, sucupira, sucupirassu, vinhatica, 

 sassafras, and many more. 



Alecrim Brazilico (Brazilian Rosemary) is a shrub, only similar to that of its name in the 

 colour of its_flower, bark, and wood ; the leaf resembles that of mint, but is small, with the smell of 

 savory. There is another sort of rosemary, which differs only from the latter in its flower, which is 

 white and formed like that of savory. Both grow best in a dry and sandy soil, 



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