21 



shown. Most of the rhizoids, as is usual in Fossomhronia, are deep vinous 

 purple. They are represented in Fig. 2 and on the terminal tuber in Fig. i. 

 The small tubers in Fig. i were practically free from rhizoids, and the same thing 

 was true of the two shoots shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and of the long leafless portion 

 of the shoot in Fig. i. In the leafy portion of this shoot, however, rhizoids 

 were present in abundance, although omitted from the drawing. 



In connection with F. lamellata it should be remembered that tubers have 

 been described in the case of the Calif ornian F. longiseta Aust. In his description 

 of this species Howe,^ in 1899, stated that the stems were "commonly somewhat 

 tuberously thickened at the apex and perennial through the resumption of apical 

 growth on termination of the dry season." Humphrey,^ several years later, 

 treated the matter at greater length and figured "an example of tubercular 

 thickening of stem," which bears a striking resemblance to some of the small 

 tubers shown in Fig. i. He found that fungal hyphae were present in the tubers 

 and thought at first that the fungus might bear a causative relation to them. 

 He afterwards found, however, that plants which were kept moist produced no 

 tubers, although fungi were still present, and he decided that the tubers were 

 adaptive and largely dependent upon external factors for their development.^ 

 F. longiseta seems to be amply distinct from F. lamellata: the spores are strikingly 

 different, and the tubers seem to be less abundant and less highly differentiated. 



5. Jungermannia Schiffneri (Loitles.) comb. nov. Aplozia Schiffneri 

 Loitles. Verhandl. der k.k. zool.-botan. Gesellsch. in Wien 55: 482. 1905. 



Collected in April, 1915, at Manitou Falls, Black River, Douglas County, 

 Wisconsin, by G. H. Conklin (No. 1255); also in July, 1913, at Hector and Ste- 

 phen, British Columbia, by A. H. Brinkman (Nos. 806, 823). New to North 

 America. 



The type material of this interesting species was found by C. Loitlesberger 

 in the vicinity of Gbrz, Austria. Its occurrence in Switzerland and Tirol was 

 soon reported by Schiffner,"* who described a number of structural details not 

 brought out in the original account and added a series of figures. It has since 

 been recorded and figured from Scotland by Macvicar.'^ The illustrated descrip- 

 tion of Miiller' may likewise be consulted. 



The section or subgenus Luridae, to which /. Schiffneri belongs, is char- 

 acterized by a dark green color, often masked by a brownish or purplish pigmenta- 

 tion; by ovate to cordate leaves; by thin-walled leaf-cells, with or without trigones; 

 and by an ovate to clavate perianth, plicate at the mouth but not contracted 

 into a beak. Four other species of this section are known from both Europe 

 and North America, namely: /. cordifolia Hook., /. riparia Tayl., /. atrovirens 

 Schleich., and /. pumila With. The first three of these are dioicous and thus 



1 Mem. Torrey Club 7: 80. 1899. 

 = Ann. Bot. 30: 86. trxt f. 3. 1906. 

 3 Proc. Washington Acad. 10: 6. 1908. 

 ^ Hedwigia 48: 184-187. /. 1-13. 1909. 

 ^Student's Handb. Brit. Hep. 147. 1912. 



° Rabeniiorst's Kryptogamen-Flora 6: 570. /. 2S5. 1909. 



