—33— 



The explanation of the great increase in the number of known species is simple. 

 The country near the settled towns of the Philippines, being usually low land 

 and under cultivation, is poor collecting ground. Around Manila, for example, 

 but few mosses, lichens, or hepatics, could be obtained, and these of compara- 

 tively little interest. But the settled conditions in such regions as northern 

 Luzon, and the greater propensity among recent botanists for climbing moun- 

 tains, have been responsible for most of the additions, as in ravines and espe- 

 cially at high levels, a bryologist reaps a rich harvest. 



The general problenis give very much the same results as with flowering 

 plants, the flora being preponderatingly Malayan. A much smaller number 

 of species have distinctly northern affinities, still fewer are Australian, being 

 known only from the Philippines and that continent and regions still more 

 remote. There are quite a number as yet known only from the Himalayan 

 region and these Islands. Among the hepatics, several seem to have Polynesian 

 afiinities. 



There is again, as with flowering plants, a high proportion of endemic 

 species, with a very few endemic genera. To illustrate, the second last list of 

 determinations of hepatics indicated 24 new species, the last of mosses 21, al- 

 though both also added largely to the number previously known from other 

 countries, but not from the PhiHppines. On the other hand, the last list of 

 h'epatics, while adding one genus and 25 species to our known flora, does not 

 specify a single one as new. It is in every way probable that the totals givem 

 above will ultimately be very greatly increased. 



Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I. 



Review 



Miiller, K. Die Lebermoose Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz, 

 I. Abteilung. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora, zweite Auflage, Band VI. 

 Leipzig (Eduard Kummer), 1906-1911. 870 pages, with 363 text-figures. 



Dr. Miiller's treatment of the liverworts of Germany, Austria, and Switzer- 

 land is one of the most important works on European Hepaticae which have 

 been published during recent years. It is by no means a local flora, as the title 

 would perhaps imply. All the European species are considered, although those y 

 known to occur within the assigned limits are more fully discussed than the 

 others. The author even includes a few species from Africa, Asia, and arctic 

 America with the idea that they may yet be found in Europe. The sequence 

 followed is essentially that of Schiffner in Engler & Prantl's "Die naturlichen 

 Pflanzenfamilien. " The present volume includes the Ricciacese, the Marchanti- 

 aceae, the Jungermanniaceae anakrogynae, and the group Epigonantheae of the 

 Jungermanniaceae akrogynae. The remaining groups of this last family, together 

 with the Anthocerotaceae, are reserved for a second volume. 



Although, as the introduction states, the character of the work is largely 

 taxonomic, the other aspects of the subject are by no means neglected. Preced- 



