Contingent phases: (a) With bluish-gray, capitate soralia {Ramalina 

 ceruchis f. cephalota Tuck. Synop. N. A. Lich. 21. 1882)/ 



(b) Blackening. 



(c) Deeply lacunose {R. testudinaria v. humilis Miill. Arg. Flora 40: 300. 

 1882.)' 



Substrata: On shrubs, trees, old wood, and on maritime rocks (sand- 

 stone). 



Distribution: Not uncommon in the Transition Zone on the Pacific 

 Coast from San Juan Island, Washington (Bryol. 14: 36. 1911,) to Mexico. 



Stations: California: San Francisco; Santa Barbara; Catalina Island; 

 Point San Pedro; Point Lobos; Pigeon Point; Pacific Grove; Clifton; Golden 

 Gate; Newport; San Diego; San Monica Mts. ; Santa Cruz Island; Los Angeles 

 Co.; San Clementi Island. 



Lower California: Guadalupe Island; Cedros Island. 



Mexico: Tia Juana. 



Washington: San Juan Island; Friday Harbor; Kanaka Bay. 



Observations: This generally corticolous species may be distinguished from 

 the two preceding by its subterete, more conspicuously punctate and less 

 branched thallus. The older plants and those preserved in herbaria are often 

 partially covered with a white or gray, cottonous, fioccose down, resembling 

 superficially a minute mould. This curious condition is explained {See PI. V, 

 f. 2.) by the medullary hyphae bursting through the rimose articulations. The 

 common cephaloid, soraliate phase, probably due to a more moist rather than a 

 sunlit exposure, does not deserve specific rank.. It occurs only in the more 

 slender corticulous plants, so far as I have observed. 



ExsiccATi: No. 26, Lich. Exsic, Merrill, near San Diego, Cal. Sept., 1888. 

 E. Palmer. 



Ramalina ceruchis var. tumidula (Tayl.) Nyl. 



Synonymy: Usnea tumidula Tayl. Hook. Jour. Bot. 6: 191. 1847. 



Ramalina ceruchis f. tumidula Nyl. Recog. mono. Ram 107 

 [9]. 1870. 



Ramalina ceruchis vslt. gracilior Miill. Arg. Flora 46: 20. 1888. 

 Ramalina testudinaria v. humilis Miill. Arg. (?) 

 Type: Not preserved in the Taylor herbarium, Boston Society of Natural 

 History, Boston, fide author. 



Type locality: "Coquimbo. " 



Original description: "thallo cinero, subcaespitoso, erecto. fiHformi, 

 dichotomo, glabro-tuberculato, hie illic diffracto, intus albidissime stuppeo- 

 fasciculoso, ramis ultimis brevibus, spiniformibus, apice nigris; gemme com- 



iType in the Botanic Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge. "Large, lateral and 

 capitate, grey soredia.. " "Santa Cruz " Anderson. 



2 Type in Herbier Boisser, Chambesy, Switzerland. "Thalli laciniae 2K-3 cm.longae, undique 

 in sectione teretiusculae et crebre alveolato-impressae, sterilis subulatae et arenatae, fertilis 

 linearis et magis rectae, firmae. " "In Californica insula Guadaloupe. " 



