10 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page. 



Plate XXV. Water-power development and cotton mills at Columbus, Ga. . -iO 

 XXVI. (a) Water power at Pelzer, (b) Water power at Colum- 

 bia, 8. C 30 



XXVII. Cascades near head of Catawba River 30 



XXVIII. Tallulah Falls, Georgia 30 



XXIX. Forest-covered slopes of Linville Gorge 32 



XXX. Forest regulating the How of streams 32 



XXXI. (a) A spring on southern .slope of Mount Mitclit ll. (1)) A 



mountain brook 32 



XXXII. (a) Landslide stopped by the forest, north slope of Roan 

 Mountain, (b) Small landslide at a spot where no large 

 trees were growing 32 



XXXIII. Large tree growing in mountain ravine 34 



XXXIV. Flood damages on Catawl>a River: (a) Soil removed and white 



sand spread over the surface, (b) Layer of sand spread over 



the soil l)y a flood 34 



XXXV. (a) Flood damages in West Virginia, (b) Debris from floods 



on Nolichucky River, East Tennessee 34 



XXXVI. (a) Flood damages to railway on Doe River, Tennessee, (b) 

 Flood damages to railway on Nolichucky River, East Ten- 

 nessee 34 



XXXVII. Original forest, northwest slope of the Great Smoky Moun- 

 tains 46 



XXXVIII. (a) Slightly culled mixed forest, (b) White pine forest ex- 

 cessively culled 16 



XXXIX. (a) Wagon loaded with logs en route for the sawmill, (b) 



Wagon loaded with lumber en route for the railway station. 48 



XL. Spruce forest near summit of White Top, Virginia 48 



XLI. Forests on the southern slopes of the Blue Ridge, about Mount 



Toxaway 52 



XLII. Forests on the walls of Nantahala Gorge 52 



XLIII. Forests about the southeastern slopes of the Great Smoky 



Mountains, between cross ridges 52 



XLIV. Big chestnut trees, from the base of the Great Smoky Moun- 

 tains 54 



XLV. Foi'ests on the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains, 



Table Rock, South Carolina 54 



XLVI. Damages from forest fires in killing trees and undergrowth 56 



XLVII. Damages from forest fires: (a) Injured base of pine tree. 



(b) Sprouts from base of a fire-killed oak 56 



XLVIII. (a) Granite knob from which the forest, and later the soil, has 

 been removed, (b) Humus and undergrowth destroyed by 



fire; soil washed from rock by rain 56 



XLIX. (a) Destruction of forest on mountain ridges for pasturing pur- 

 poses, (b) Corn planted between girdled trees on the 



mountain ridges 56 



L. (a) Mill in the mountains; waste in sawing, (b) Tops left 



among the trees in logging 62 



LI. (a) Sawing large timber at a small mill in the woods, (b) 



Binding poplar lumber for export 62 



LII. Timber which should have been culled long ago 64 



LIII. Forest destruction along the snaking trail 64 



