104 



SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN REGION. 



DcclduouK TToUij {Ilex decidua) is a small tree, seldom 25 feet in 

 height, with a short trunk and large, spreading crown, growing along 

 streams below 1,500 feet elevation. The wood is hard and tough, but 

 is not used. 



Mountain Holly {Ilex monticola)^ becoming 25 feet in height and 10 

 inches in diameter, is common on cold slopes at high elevations. The 

 wood is not used. 



Mmmtain Mcqyle {Acer spicatum) is a small tree, seldom 20 feet in 

 height, often with several stems from the same root, which grows in 

 cold, wet soil at high altitudes. It has no uses. 



Striped Majde {Acer pemuylvanicum)^ becoming 50 feet in height 

 and 14 inches in diameter, is found frequently along cold streams 

 above 3,000 feet elevation. The wood is put to no use. 



Sugar Maple {Acer saccharum)^ reaching a height of 120 feet and a 

 diameter of 40 inches, is common north of the Cowee Mountains, 

 above 2,000 feet elevation, on cold, moist soil. The hard, fine-grained 

 wood is sawn for flooring; the figured wood for furniture stock. A 

 small quantity of maple sugar is made from the sap. Seed is borne 

 frequently and abundantlj^ and young trees are common in damp 

 woods. The rate of growth is slow. 



Black Majjle {Acer nigrum) is a ti'ee similar in size to the preced- 

 ing, but much less common, being largely confined to the western 

 slope of the Smok}^ Mountains. 



Red Maple {Acer rubrum), becoming 110 feet in height and 36 

 inches in diameter, is common on moist soil, and the young growth 

 in culled woods. The wood is softer than that of the preceding, and 

 inferior to it. It seeds freely and reproduces well. The rate of 

 growth is slow. 



River Maple {Acei' ruhrum druinmondii) is a smaller tree than the 

 preceding, seldom more than 80 feet in height and 2 feet in diameter, 

 which is common along the banks of the larger streams. The wood 

 is soft and white, and is not used. It seeds freely and young trees 

 are common. 



Box Elder {Acer negundo)^ becoming 40 feet in height and 1 foot in 

 diameter, is frequent along the large streams at a low elevation. The 

 wood is not used. 



Buckeye {JEsculus octandra) becomes a tree 120 feet in height and 

 4 feet in diameter. It is common in cold hollows, especially above 

 3,000 feet elevation. The wood is light and soft, but is not generally 

 used. It reproduces freely. The rate of growth is good. 



Purple Buckeye {^sculus octandra liybrida) is a smaller and less 

 common tree than the preceding, and is confined to the western slope 

 of the Smoky Mountains. The wood is similar to that of the preceding. 



Buckthorn {Rhamus caroliniana) is a small tree, seldom more than 

 25 feet in height, found on open slopes near the larger streams. The 

 wood is not used. 



