466 



APPENDIX. 



bi-agas*, Huaracayof, and Manseriche:];. Having cleared the latter, a bark or 

 canoe is hired at Borja ; and thence the whole of the navigation by the Maranon Is 

 highly agreeable, and free from the smallest danger. Not more than three days are 

 required from la Barranca to the lake. 



The return from the lake to Tomependa is more difficult, and more tedious In 

 proportion ; insomuch, that from the lake to la Barranca six days are consumed, 

 and to Borja eight. On the third day's navigation, in ascending from Barranca, 

 the traveller falls in with a torrent named Onoaga : at this spot loose stones begin to 

 make their appearance j and the knats and mosquitoes, which had before been 

 inseparable companions, cease to be troublesome. A winding of the river having 

 been passed, the second torrent, named Sapape, occurs. In the following flexure 

 lies the third, named Payguero ; and after two other windings have been passed, 

 the fourth, named Vacas, is fallen in with. Four other torrents, named Chote, 

 Platero, Fatiga, and Calenturas, occur in the subsequent flexures of the river ; 

 and the ninth and last, named Pedregal, falls at the foot of Borja. The sites of all 

 these torrents are bad passes in the ascent, which must necessarily be accomplished 

 by the banks of the river, to avoid contending against the strong current in the 

 centre. As in all these passes there is but little water near the banks, it is necessary 

 to raise the vessel from time to time with levers, and to push it along until a suffi- 

 cient depth can be found. In one day the navigator proceeds by the strait of 

 Borja to Santiago; in four, to the pongo of Huaracayo; in two, to that of Escurri- 

 bragas ; in three, to that of Cumbinama ; in one, to the mouth of the Imasa (a 



that it becomes necessary, in the ascent more particularly, to discharge the cargoes, and drag the vessels 

 to the opposite bank. 



This pongo is formed of a shelving clifF in a semicircular shape. The river extends by this curva- 

 ture, within which the water appears to be stagnant. In its effort, however, to flow out at the side 

 opposite to that by which it entered, it is obstruAed and forced back by the rocks, which give it a 

 strong Impulsion tov/ra-ds the stream. The collision that ensues occasions considerable whirlpools and 

 eddies, to shun vihich the Indians are under tlie necessity of drawing the vessel from the bank, by the 

 means of bejuco cords. 



I In this pongo there is the same risk as in the preceding one, with th's difference, however, that on 

 each side cf the bank the cliiTs are so smooth and slippery, that the Indians, in the ascent of the river, 

 have not any footing to enable them to draw the vessel with the bejuco cords. They are therefore 

 obliged to wait until tlie vortex is subdued by the impulse of the current. 



\ T!iis is a striit of nearly two leagues in length, formed of two parallel clifFs, by which the river is 

 •narrowed to such a degree, that its breadth of six hundred yards, before its juniftion with the river San- 

 tiago, is reduced to fjfty. The constant breaking cf the waves against the rocks has made several formi- 

 dable caverns, resembling houses, with their saloons, cliambers, &c. 



rivulet. 



