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we are a mighty small proposition among 90,000,000 of people. It 

 is only by combining, as you gentlemen are doing, that you can get 

 the results you desire; and in order for the farmers to get their just 

 results, it will be necessary to combine to compete successfully with 

 those interests that also combine. And the sooner the farmers of the 

 East and W est appreciate that point, the sooner they will get a more 

 just reward for their efforts. 



In discussing the San Jose Scale, I recognize that you men are 

 up-to-date, and have been spraying for San Jose Scale for many 

 years past. I believe that the men wdiose faces I am looking into, 

 have long since appreciated the fact that they are not afraid of the 

 San Jose Scale; that it can be controlled. We have learned that. 

 The only point, and the prevailing question that is asked to-day in 

 regard to the San Jose Scale, is : What solution is the most effective, 

 the easiest to apply, and the cheapest. We have learned the most 

 effective solution. Thp home-made Lime Sulphur wash has been 

 thoroughly established as an efficient remedy for this pest ; but the 

 question confronting the farmers and fruit growers of to-day is to 

 get a solution that is effective, is also easy to apply, and cheap. 



The conditions governing the application of spray materials are 

 of considerable importance in emphasizing the ease of application. 

 The labor problem is presented to every farmer; and if he can get 

 a remedy which he can have easily applied, and more satisfactorily 

 applied by his laborers, he is after that solution. The manufacturing 

 people appreciate that condition, and have been constantly putting 

 on the market various solutions looking towards the control of this 

 pest. They finally learned that the growers wanted to use Lime 

 Sulphur, and they have now put on the market several brands of 

 Lime Sulphur Solution. I would say my remarks upon the dif- 

 ferent solutions are based upon my experiments conducted during 

 the past two years in orchards. I wanted to know, first, whether a 

 concentrated lime sulphur solution would be as effective as a home- 

 made one ; and in order to learn that it was necessary to test it on the 

 trees. I have done this for two years, — the past year more exten- 

 sively than the previous one ; and from the results of the past year, 

 so far as we could observe from careful examination on Peach and 

 Apple, sprayed in fall and spring, it seems that some of the con- 

 centrated solutions have compared favorably with the home-made 

 wash. They have done all that is to be expected of them, both on 

 Apple and Peach. I'll have to admit that the past season has been a 

 very easy one, so to speak, for the solutions to control the scale. 

 We had an exceedingly dry season in this part of the world, and, as 

 you know, the Lime Sulphur remedy controls the scale, by virtue 

 of its lasting qualities on the trees, — rather than the immediate ef- 

 fect when applied, — and by having less rain, the wash remained on 

 the trees, and thereby cleaned up the little tiny crawling young re- 

 produced in June and July. So, I would preface my remarks by 

 saying that this is simply one season's work; and as fruit growers, 

 you will not put your dependence in any one season's work in any- 

 thing ; but so far as we know by the past season's experience, I be- 

 lieve the concentrated washes will compare favorably with the home- 

 made ; and it is a question that the individual grower must decide — 

 whether he wishes to use the concentrated wash. Personally I have 



