50 



Fig. 2. A soil section showing a porous subsoil 

 which may easily be penerated by the roots of trees 

 (stick bv side of root is five feet long.) 



Practical demonstrations of the bearing which this has on suc- 

 cessful fruit growing have been many times repeated during the 

 past few years in the good crop of fruit on high ground and in the 

 same localities their destruction by late spring frosts. 



But I want to discuss very briefly some of the fundamental 

 operations that make up "orchard management." 



We think of orchard management as consisting of cultivation, 

 fertilizing, pruning, spraying, etc., and perhaps we may come to 

 add heating or smudging and other corresponding operations. But 

 orchard management is really more than these things so far as re- 

 sults go for in the handling of every orchard there goes into it the 

 individuality of the grower or manager — the "personal ecjuation" 

 and that is a most important factor in the behavior and success of 

 every orchard. I am coming to put more and more importance 

 upon "the man behind the tree." A man's orchard reflects his per- 

 sonalitv. 



