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orchards, and the first important stop after you have selected your 

 land is to select you varieties. The selection of varieties has called 

 forth the most painstaking consideration of every feature of grow- 

 ing and marketing by the best professional judgment of well quali- 

 fied authorities and a close observation of actual results. The 

 Agricultural Experiment Stations and horticultural authorities of 

 the various states, as well as the Pomological Division of the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture at A\'ashington have for many years en- 

 gaged upon the highly important work of recording results obtain- 

 ed by difi'erent varieties of apples, in the various apple-growing 

 sections, to determine the varieties best adapted to each locality. 

 \\'e made several mistakes in planting our orchards and I consider 

 the selection of varieties the most serious one we made. Do not 

 plant every variety of apples that your nursery may have in stock, 

 or that every Tom, Dick and Harry recommends, for you will 

 never have a commercial orchard if you do, but study and learn 

 the variety best suited for your soil, climate and markets. I would 

 be just as careful in selecting a good nursery before buying young 

 stock. Decide upon what varieties you want, and then write your 

 nearest reliable nursery, asking if they can furnish the varieties 

 desired, and at what price. State the number of trees of each 

 variety wanted, the age, and specify definitely that, under no con- 

 ditions, will diseased or insect-infected trees be accepted, nor will 

 substitutions of varieties be countenanced. Save the bill of sale 

 for future reference, for the "Court of Appeals" in New York 

 State has decided that nurserymen may be sued for damages re- 

 sulting from the substitution of varieties. Go to the nursery your- 

 self and inspect the trees, and insist on getting the varieties you 

 have selected. I prefer a well-grown, one-year-old budded tree. 

 A one-year-old budded tree may be headed low, and the first 

 branches may be used for the foundation branches, selecting those 

 best placed. Furthermore, a one-year-old tree is cheaper than a 

 two-year-old. 



The Tonoloway Orchard Co., of Hancock, ]\Id., of which I 

 am ''field manager" of 350 acres, have 700 acres in apples or over 

 50,000 apple trees. 



The following are the varieties planted : 



1. Yellow Transparent. 3,000 



2. Duchess of Oldenburg, 3oOO 



3. Wm. Earh- Red, 1,000 



4. Red Astrachan, 600 



5. Summer Rambo. 1,000 



6. ^IcTntosh 300 



7. Wealthy, 4,000 



8. Jonathan, 6.000 



9. Yellow Bellflower, i.ooo 



10. Grimes Golden, 7,000 



11. Winesap, 2.D00 



12. Stayman, 1,000 



13. Baldwin 4,000 



14. Ben Davis 3,ooo 



15. Rome Beauty, 1,000 



16. York Imperial, 12,000 



